[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-036":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-112-1-基礎醫學-036","nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-036",112,1,36,"有機硝酸鹽用於治療及預防穩定型心絞痛，劑量大時會導致周邊阻力減少，引發反射性心跳加快，因此常與下列那類藥物合併使用來避免心絞痛惡化？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"Alpha 腎上腺素受體拮抗劑","鈣離子通道阻斷劑","鈉離子通道阻斷劑","Beta 腎上腺素受體拮抗劑","D",null,[],"本題考點在於硝酸鹽（nitrate）治療心絞痛的反射性心搏過速及合併用藥。有機硝酸鹽擴張血管降低周邊阻力，會反射性引發交感興奮、心跳加快與心肌耗氧增加，恐抵銷抗心絞痛效果。依藥理，合併 Beta 腎上腺素受體拮抗劑（β-blocker）可阻斷此反射性心搏過速、降低心肌耗氧，兩者互補，故選 D。考點在於排除其他：A Alpha 拮抗劑會進一步降血壓、加重反射性心搏過速；B 鈣離子通道阻斷劑雖也用於心絞痛，但無法有效抑制硝酸鹽引起的反射性心跳加快（部分 dihydropyridine 類反而加重）；C 鈉離子通道阻斷劑為抗心律不整用藥，非此用途。故以抑制反射性心搏過速考量，β-blocker 最適。","硝酸鹽釋放 NO 活化鳥苷酸環化酶，提升 cGMP 使血管平滑肌舒張，主要擴張靜脈降低前負荷。β-blocker 與硝酸鹽經典搭配：硝酸鹽降前負荷、β-blocker 壓制反射性心跳並降後負荷與收縮力，共同降心肌耗氧。記憶點：硝酸鹽「心跳會反射變快」，配 β-blocker「踩煞車」。可連結穩定型心絞痛三大用藥（硝酸鹽、β-blocker、CCB）複習。",[25,28,30,31],{"term":26,"count":27},"反射性心搏過速",2,{"term":29,"count":11},"有機硝酸鹽",{"term":18,"count":11},{"term":32,"count":11},"心肌耗氧量",[34,38,43,48,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-037","治療高血脂症時，能同時降低膽固醇及三酸甘油酯的藥物，下列何者最佳？",37,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":42},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-033","下列何種藥物最適合給與初診斷為第二型糖尿病且尚無併發症之病人？",33,3,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":27},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-027","由巴雷特氏食道（Barrett’s esophagus）惡性化產生的食道癌，下列何者最常見？",27,113,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":42},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-025","下列何者是最常見的惡性淋巴瘤（malignant lymphoma）？",25,114,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-079","立克次體與病毒相似的特性為何？",79,106,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":41,"year":61,"session":27},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-033","下列何者不屬於典型慢性發炎的炎症浸潤細胞？",107,"2026-09-04",1788510740778]