[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-035":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-112-1-基礎醫學-035","nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-035",112,1,35,"下列何種酶可被咖啡因抑制？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"磷酸雙酯酶（phosphodiesterase）","磷脂質脂解酶（phospholipase）","鹼性磷酸酶（alkaline phosphatase）","酪氨酸激酶（tyrosine kinase）","A",null,[],"本題考點在於咖啡因（caffeine）的分子作用機轉。依藥理，咖啡因為甲基黃嘌呤類，其作用之一是抑制磷酸雙酯酶（phosphodiesterase, PDE），使 cAMP 分解減少、細胞內 cAMP 上升而增強效應，故答案為 A。考點在於排除其他酶：B 磷脂質脂解酶（phospholipase）參與花生四烯酸釋放，與咖啡因無直接關係；C 鹼性磷酸酶（alkaline phosphatase）為肝膽與骨骼指標酶，非咖啡因標的；D 酪氨酸激酶（tyrosine kinase）為生長因子受體訊號傳遞酶，亦非咖啡因作用點。故唯有抑制磷酸雙酯酶正確。","咖啡因雙重機轉：一為抑制 PDE 提升 cAMP，二為拮抗腺苷（adenosine）受體產生中樞興奮。臨床上黃嘌呤類（theophylline）曾用於支氣管擴張即靠此。記憶點：PDE 分解 cAMP，抑制 PDE＝cAMP 累積＝作用放大。可連結 cAMP 第二傳訊者系統與 β 促效劑訊號複習。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"cAMP",4,{"term":29,"count":11},"咖啡因甲基黃嘌呤",{"term":31,"count":11},"磷酸雙酯酶 PDE 抑制",{"term":33,"count":11},"腺苷受體拮抗",[35,39,44,50,55,60],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-036","有機硝酸鹽用於治療及預防穩定型心絞痛，劑量大時會導致周邊阻力減少，引發反射性心跳加快，因此常與下列那類藥物合併使用來避免心絞痛惡化？",36,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":10,"session":43},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-032","治療慢性阻塞性肺病（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease）的藥物中，下列何者具有抗發炎的作用？",32,3,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":49},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-026","下列造成血小板減少的原因中，何者最可能發現骨髓的巨核細胞（megakaryocyte）減少？",26,113,2,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":43},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-024","心肌梗塞後的病理變化，在多久時間內，不論肉眼或光學顯微鏡下，都沒有明顯變化？",24,114,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-078","病毒感染是藉由病毒套膜的糖蛋白 VAP 和細胞受器（receptor）結合而決定其感染細胞的專一性。下列何者是錯誤的結合？",78,106,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":42,"year":63,"session":49},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-032","下列何種情況最可能導致代謝性鹼中毒（metabolic alkalosis）？",107,"2026-09-04",1788510740773]