[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-033":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-112-1-基礎醫學-033","nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-033",112,1,33,"成年人長期咳嗽，經確診為黴漿菌感染，其處方藥物為口服 clarithromycin，有關此抗生素之敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"屬於 penicillin 類抗生素","干擾細菌葉酸生合成","干擾細菌細胞壁生合成","干擾細菌蛋白質生合成","D",null,[],"本題考點在於巨環類抗生素（macrolide）的作用機轉。Clarithromycin 屬巨環類，依其機轉是與細菌 50S 核糖體次單位結合、抑制蛋白質合成，故正確敘述為 D「干擾細菌蛋白質生合成」。考點在於排除其他機轉：A 錯，clarithromycin 並非 penicillin（β-內醯胺）類；C 錯，干擾細胞壁生合成是 penicillin、cephalosporin 與 vancomycin 的機轉，非巨環類；B 錯，干擾葉酸生合成是磺胺類（sulfonamide）與 trimethoprim 的機轉。故唯有作用於核糖體抑制蛋白質合成正確。","作用於蛋白質合成的抗生素分 50S（macrolide、chloramphenicol、clindamycin、linezolid）與 30S（aminoglycoside、tetracycline）。Clarithromycin 對非典型病原（黴漿菌、披衣菌、退伍軍人菌）與幽門螺旋桿菌有效。記憶法：機轉抓核糖體次單位「買（買 50 塊）東西找 30 元」。可連結抗生素五大機轉分類（細胞壁、蛋白質、核酸、葉酸、細胞膜）複習。",[25,27,29,31],{"term":26,"count":11},"巨環類抗生素 macrolide",{"term":28,"count":11},"Clarithromycin",{"term":30,"count":11},"50S 核糖體蛋白質合成抑制",{"term":32,"count":11},"抗生素機轉分類",[34,38,43,49,54,59],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-034","甲、乙、丙三種藥物作用在相同受體，其濃度與藥理作用曲線圖如下，下列敘述何者正確？",34,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":42},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-030","有關肝硬化（liver cirrhosis），下列敘述何者錯誤？",30,3,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":48},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-024","Familial breast and ovarian carcinoma syndrome 的突變基因為何？",24,113,2,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":42},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-022","全身性紅斑性狼瘡（systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE）所造成的血球數目低下（cytopenia）病變，主要與下列何種過敏反應有關？",22,114,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-076","下列那一種病毒和子宮頸癌相關？",76,106,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":41,"year":62,"session":48},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-030","成年男性進行呼吸量測試發現肺活量（vital capacity）為兩公升，第一秒用力呼氣容積（forced expiratory volume in 1 s）為 85%，此時可能為：",107,"2026-09-04",1788510740757]