[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-027":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":32,"lastmod":62},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-112-1-基礎醫學-027","nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-027",112,1,27,"有過敏性鼻炎病史的病人，因為反覆鼻炎造成鼻黏膜「灰白色葡萄狀」增生，此病灶是什麼？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"鼻咽癌","鼻息肉","黴菌感染","鼻中膈彎曲","B",null,[],"本題考點在於過敏性鼻炎相關的良性增生病灶辨識。反覆過敏性發炎使鼻黏膜水腫，長期下形成半透明、灰白色如葡萄串狀的水腫性增生，即為鼻息肉（nasal polyp），選 B。其典型外觀「灰白色葡萄狀」是經典描述。考點在於排除其他病灶：A 鼻咽癌好發於鼻咽部，常見頸部淋巴結腫大、鼻涕帶血、耳悶，與 EB 病毒相關，外觀非葡萄狀水腫；C 黴菌感染多見於免疫低下者，表現為壞死性或黴菌球，非灰白葡萄狀；D 鼻中膈彎曲是結構性軟骨骨骼偏移，並非黏膜增生病灶。故以外觀與過敏史對應，答案為鼻息肉。","鼻息肉常合併過敏性鼻炎、氣喘與阿斯匹靈不耐（Samter 三聯症）。病生理為慢性發炎導致黏膜嗜酸性球浸潤與間質水腫。記憶點：「葡萄狀、半透明、灰白色」＝鼻息肉的招牌影像。與鼻咽癌的鑑別在於息肉為良性、雙側常見；癌則多單側、易出血且合併淋巴轉移。可連結第一型過敏反應與嗜酸性球複習。",[25,26,28,30],{"term":16,"count":11},{"term":27,"count":11},"過敏性鼻炎",{"term":29,"count":11},"慢性發炎黏膜水腫",{"term":31,"count":11},"鼻咽癌鑑別",[33,37,42,48,53,58],{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":36,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-028","兒童之後天性心臟病最常見者為下列那一種？",28,{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":41},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-024","有關唐氏症（Down syndrome）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",24,3,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":47},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-018","抗利尿激素（antidiuretic hormone）最能增加下列何處對水分的再吸收（reabsorption）？",18,113,2,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":41},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-016","下列何種蛋白是睪丸內與睪固酮結合的蛋白質？",16,114,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-070","下列何種疾病是由葡萄球菌引起的？",70,106,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":40,"year":61,"session":47},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-024","於月經週期中，何時期黃體素之分泌達最高值？",107,"2026-09-04",1788510740697]