[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-020":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-112-1-基礎醫學-020","nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-020",112,1,20,"下列有關吸氣時的敘述，何者錯誤？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"肺間壓（Transpulmonary pressure）增加","胸膜內壓（Intrapleural pressure）增加","肺泡壓（Alveolar pressure）減小","大氣壓（Atmospheric pressure）不變","B",null,[],"本題考點在於吸氣時各壓力的變化，屬「找錯誤」題。吸氣時橫膈與肋間肌收縮使胸腔擴大，依波以耳定律容積增大則壓力下降。A肺間壓（跨肺壓＝肺泡壓減胸膜內壓）增加正確，因胸膜內壓下降使跨肺壓變大；C肺泡壓因肺泡擴張而暫時低於大氣壓（減小）正確，空氣才順壓差進入；D大氣壓為外界固定值不變，正確。錯誤在B，考點在於辨識吸氣時胸膜內壓（intrapleural pressure）應「更負、更減小」而非增加，胸腔擴大使胸膜腔負壓加大以牽張肺泡，故B錯誤、為答案。","呼吸力學：胸膜內壓平時約-5 cmH₂O(負壓)，吸氣時更負(約-8)以擴張肺；跨肺壓＝肺泡壓−胸膜內壓，吸氣時增大使肺膨脹。肺泡壓吸氣時\u003C大氣壓(氣體流入)、呼氣時>大氣壓(流出)。大氣壓恆定作參考點。臨床連結：氣胸使胸膜腔負壓喪失、肺塌陷，即此力學被破壞的結果。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"呼吸力學",2,{"term":29,"count":27},"跨肺壓",{"term":31,"count":27},"波以耳定律",{"term":33,"count":11},"胸膜內壓負壓",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-021","一位 46 歲肝硬化患者，最近 3 個月逐漸出現下肢水腫和大量腹水，下列何者與此病人之下肢水腫原因的關係最小？",21,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":10,"session":43},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-017","人類胚胎時期性激素（sex hormone）的分泌量與青春期前（prepuberty）相比，下列敘述何者正確？",17,3,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":27},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-011","骨骼肌收縮所需要的鈣離子主要來自下列何種胞器？",11,113,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":43},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-009","下列那個器官同時接受腸繫膜上動脈與腸繫膜下動脈的血液供應？",9,114,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-063","下列青黴素類（penicillins）抗生素中，何者因為不易被葡萄球菌產生之 penicillinase 破壞，所以主要用於治療葡萄球菌造成之感染？",63,106,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":42,"year":62,"session":27},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-017","關於「粒線體特性」的敘述，下列何者正確？",107,"2026-09-04",1788510740644]