[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-019":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-112-1-基礎醫學-019","nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-019",112,1,19,"下列有關心衰竭病程中的代償調節作用之敘述，何者正確？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"交感神經的活性降低導致靜脈血液回流量上升","腎小管對水和鹽之再吸收減少","因心臟功能受損而增加鈉離子再吸收，使水分滲透入血液","心衰竭會因心房壓力的升高而抑制心房利鈉尿胜肽之分泌","C",null,[],"本題考點在於心衰竭的代償調節機轉，屬「找正確敘述」題。心輸出量下降會活化腎素-血管收縮素-醛固酮系統（RAAS）與交感神經，使腎臟增加鈉離子再吸收、水分隨滲透跟進回血液以增加血量與前負荷，C正確描述此代償，為答案。A錯在心衰竭時交感神經活性應「升高」而非降低以維持血壓；B錯在腎小管對水和鹽再吸收應「增加」而非減少；D錯在心房壓升高應「促進」而非抑制心房利鈉尿胜肽（ANP）分泌，ANP是身體對抗容積過載的反調節激素。考點在於辨識心衰竭代償以RAAS與交感興奮增加鈉水滯留為核心。","心衰竭代償三路：①交感興奮(心跳加快、收縮增強、血管收縮)②RAAS活化(醛固酮增鈉水滯留、血管收縮素II升後負荷)③心室重塑肥厚。ANP\u002FBNP因心房心室受牽張而分泌增加，促排鈉利尿、擴血管以對抗容積負荷，臨床用BNP評估心衰嚴重度。代償久了反使前後負荷過重、惡性循環，是心衰治療用ACEI\u002Fβ-blocker\u002F利尿劑的機轉基礎。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"RAAS",2,{"term":29,"count":11},"心衰竭代償機轉",{"term":31,"count":11},"鈉水滯留",{"term":33,"count":11},"心房利鈉尿胜肽ANP",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-020","下列有關吸氣時的敘述，何者錯誤？",20,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":10,"session":43},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-016","下列何種變化最有利於增加骨質密度？",16,3,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":27},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-010","傳導相鄰細胞間神經訊息的電性突觸是下列何種結構？",10,113,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":43},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-008","想要聽清楚主動脈半月瓣（aortic semilunar valve）關閉的心音，要將聽診器置放於何處最佳？",8,114,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-062","下列何種藥物作用不會增加體重？",62,106,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":42,"year":62,"session":27},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-016","自主神經系統的白交通枝內含下列何者？",107,"2026-09-04",1788510740622]