[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":62},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-016":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":32,"lastmod":61},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-112-1-基礎醫學-016","nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-016",112,1,16,"下列何種反應是阻斷毒蕈鹼類受器（muscarinic receptors）所造成？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"刺激支氣管收縮","增強腸胃道活性","瞳孔收縮","心跳速率上升","D",null,[],"本題考點在於毒蕈鹼類受器（muscarinic receptor）被阻斷後的生理反應。毒蕈鹼受器是副交感神經作用的受器，阻斷它即產生「抗膽鹼」效應，表現為副交感作用被解除。心臟的M2受器原本使心跳減慢，阻斷後心跳速率上升，故選D。A刺激支氣管收縮是副交感興奮的效果，阻斷後應為支氣管舒張，錯誤；B增強腸胃道活性也是副交感作用，阻斷後腸蠕動減少，錯誤；C瞳孔收縮為副交感效果，阻斷後瞳孔散大，錯誤。考點在於辨識阻斷毒蕈鹼受器＝抗膽鹼作用（心跳增快、瞳孔散大、口乾、腸蠕動減少）。","抗膽鹼(阻斷M受器)口訣『看不清、尿不出、拉不動、心跳快、口乾、皮膚乾熱』——散瞳視力模糊、尿滯留、腸蠕動變慢便秘、心搏過速、口乾、無汗。代表藥atropine即阻斷M受器，臨床用於心搏過緩、術前減少分泌物。副交感興奮則相反(縮瞳、心搏減慢、腸蠕動增加、分泌增加)。",[25,28,30],{"term":26,"count":27},"抗膽鹼作用",2,{"term":29,"count":11},"毒蕈鹼受器",{"term":31,"count":11},"副交感神經生理",[33,37,42,47,52,57],{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":36,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-017","心肌細胞快速反應之高原期（plateau phase），主要是因為那種離子持續流入所造成？",17,{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":41},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-013","下列腦區何者未參與調節意識（consciousness）的清醒或睡眠狀態？",13,3,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":27},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-007","下列何者將肝臟連接至前腹壁及橫膈？",7,113,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":41},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-005","下列何者不屬於淋巴器官（lymphoid organs），無法製造免疫細胞？",5,114,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-059","Dextromethorphan 之臨床用途為：",59,106,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":40,"year":60,"session":27},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-013","舌頭表面的何種乳頭會角質化，嚴重時會出現舌苔的現象？",107,"2026-09-04",1788510740601]