[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":61},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-013":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":31,"lastmod":60},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-112-1-基礎醫學-013","nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-013",112,1,13,"下列有關呼吸窘迫症候群之敘述，何者錯誤？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"蛋白質由肺微血管外滲至肺泡","吸入性肺炎也會引起","會造成缺氧","屬於心原性肺水腫","D",null,[],"本題考點在於急性呼吸窘迫症候群（ARDS）的病生理，屬「找錯誤」題。ARDS屬「非心因性」肺水腫，因肺泡微血管膜通透性增加，蛋白質與液體滲漏入肺泡所致。A蛋白質由肺微血管外滲至肺泡、B吸入性肺炎可為誘因、C造成嚴重缺氧（頑固性低血氧）都正確描述ARDS。錯誤在D「屬於心原性肺水腫」，考點在於辨識ARDS是通透性增加的非心因性肺水腫，肺微血管楔壓不高，與左心衰竭導致的心因性肺水腫機轉不同，故D錯誤、為答案。","區辨重點：心因性肺水腫＝靜水壓升高（左心衰竭、PCWP高）；ARDS＝通透性增加（肺泡-微血管膜受損、PCWP≤18、瀰漫性浸潤、頑固低血氧）。ARDS的低血氧對一般給氧反應差，特徵為P\u002FF ratio下降。誘因含敗血症、吸入性肺炎、外傷、胰臟炎等。柏林定義以發病時間、影像、水腫來源與氧合指數分級。",[25,27,29],{"term":26,"count":11},"ARDS病生理",{"term":28,"count":11},"非心因性肺水腫",{"term":30,"count":11},"肺微血管通透性增加",[32,36,41,47,51,56],{"webId":33,"stem":34,"number":35,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-014","骨骼肌（skeletal muscle）的收縮過程中，鈣離子是與下列何者結合？",14,{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":40},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-010","支配橫膈（diaphragm）的神經主要源自：",10,3,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":46},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-004","下列何者為隔開心臟的右心房與右心室之間的瓣膜？",4,113,2,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":46,"year":50,"session":40},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-002","有關皮脂腺（sebaceous gland），下列敘述何者正確？",114,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-056","下列何種利尿劑可減少尿路結石及骨質疏鬆的發生率？",56,106,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":39,"year":59,"session":46},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-010","關於氣管（trachea）的敘述，下列何者正確？",107,"2026-09-04",1788510740572]