[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-045":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-111-2-精神科與社區衛生護理學-045","nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-045",111,2,45,"全民健康保險大幅減低就醫者的經濟負擔，造成民眾因而可能隨意使用過多的醫療服務，此現象為下列何種危害？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"經濟危害（economic hazard）","道德危害（moral hazard）","社會危害（social hazard）","制度危害（system hazard）","B",null,[],"本題考點在於健康保險經濟學中的「道德危害（moral hazard）」概念。依保險經濟學定義，當保險大幅降低使用者的自付價格時，被保險人因不必負擔全部成本而傾向過度使用醫療服務，此即道德危害，故選 B。考點在於辨識「因保險降低成本而濫用資源」正對應此術語。A「經濟危害」並非保險學標準名詞，且未點出因保險而濫用的機轉，故錯；C「社會危害」泛指社會層面風險，與個人因保險而增加就醫的行為無關；D「制度危害」非既定學術用語，屬混淆選項。全民健保部分負擔制度正是為抑制道德危害而設計，故 B 最貼切。","道德危害分「事前」（投保後降低預防行為）與「事後」（就醫時過度消費）兩類，本題屬事後型。抑制對策包括部分負擔、轉診制度、論人計酬。與「逆選擇（adverse selection）」對比：逆選擇是投保前高風險者較會投保的資訊不對稱，道德危害則發生於投保後的行為改變。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"道德危害",1,{"term":28,"count":26},"保險經濟學",{"term":30,"count":26},"全民健保部分負擔",{"term":32,"count":26},"醫療資源濫用",[34,38,43,47,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-046","有關出院準備服務的敘述，下列何者最不適當？",46,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":26},"nurse-112-1-psychiatric-community-062","有關 A 型肝炎的描述，下列何者正確？",62,112,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":10},"nurse-112-2-psychiatric-community-076","承上題，若陳先生無法獨自進行沐浴及上下床，且陳太太年長衰弱，為協助陳太太照顧個案，下列那一項長期照顧資源服務最適當？",76,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":52},"nurse-113-3-psychiatric-community-044","有關青少年體適能之敘述，下列何者最適當？",44,113,3,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":26},"nurse-115-1-psychiatric-community-048","依據老人福利機構設立標準，有關長期照顧機構類型及照護對象，下列敘述何者最適當？",48,115,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":41,"year":61,"session":10},"nurse-106-2-psychiatric-community-062","生命統計中，常用到比例（ratio），下列何者不包含在內？",106,"2026-09-04",1788510740144]