[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-015":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-111-2-精神科與社區衛生護理學-015","nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-015",111,2,15,"關於認知行為治療技巧的敘述，下列何者最適當？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"僅需要寫下能夠支持負向想法的證據","用會引起焦慮或災難化的解釋","分析早期發展對問題的影響","利用觀察現實，排除自我中心","D",null,[],"本題考點是認知行為治療(CBT)的核心技巧。依 Beck 認知治療原理,CBT 透過檢核現實證據來矯正認知扭曲,引導個案跳脫以自我為中心的解讀(去中心化,decentering),學會客觀看待事件,故 D「利用觀察現實,排除自我中心」正確。A 錯在證據檢核須同時寫下「支持」與「反駁」負向想法的證據,只寫支持證據反而強化負向認知。B 錯在 CBT 目標是辨識並挑戰災難化解釋,而非使用會引起焦慮或災難化的解釋。C 錯在分析早期發展經驗對問題的影響屬精神分析取向,CBT 聚焦「此時此地」的想法與行為。","CBT 認知重建三步驟:辨識自動化負向思考→檢核支持與反對的證據→發展替代性平衡想法。常見認知扭曲包括災難化、過度類化、二分法思考、個人化(把外在事件都歸因於自己,即自我中心式解讀)。與精神分析對比記憶:精神分析「向後看」挖掘童年潛意識,CBT「向前看」處理當下認知與行為,療程短、結構化、有家庭作業。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"Beck 認知治療",1,{"term":28,"count":26},"認知重建技巧",{"term":30,"count":26},"認知扭曲類型",{"term":32,"count":26},"去中心化",[34,38,43,47,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-016","張太太，58 歲，診斷為憂鬱症，入院第三天，整天躺床，覺得焦慮不安、精神不集中且常常哭泣，對病房活動沒有參與動機，下列何者照護措施較適當？",16,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":26},"nurse-112-1-psychiatric-community-032","與老年精神病人溝通時，下列何者最適宜？",32,112,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":10},"nurse-112-2-psychiatric-community-046","有關篩檢工具的敘述，下列何者正確？",46,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":52},"nurse-113-3-psychiatric-community-014","王女士，遭遇嚴重土石流而家園全毀，倖存後診斷為創傷後壓力症（posttraumatic stress disorder），下列敘述何者最不適切？",14,113,3,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":26},"nurse-115-1-psychiatric-community-018","有關愷他命（ketamine）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",18,115,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":41,"year":61,"session":10},"nurse-106-2-psychiatric-community-032","依據民國 102 年修正之精神衛生法，個案接受強制社區治療時，初始階段以幾日為限？",106,"2026-09-04",1788510739868]