[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-009":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":62},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-111-2-精神科與社區衛生護理學-009","nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-009",111,2,9,"有關病人服用精神科相關藥物的反應及處置，下列何者最適當？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"病人開始服用 Venlafaxine（Efexor ® ）若抱怨有噁心感（nausea），應建議立即停藥或換藥","觀察到剛服用 Mirtazapine（Remeron ® ）的病人有鎮靜（sedation）表現，應建議立即停藥或換藥","服用選擇性血清素再吸收抑制劑（Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor, SSRI）的病人，可衛教其自我限制熱量攝取，因為其體重隨時會增加","觀察到服用 Haloperidol（Haldol ® ）的病人有遲發性不自主運動（tardive dyskinesia）的表現，應建議立即停藥或換藥","D",null,[],"本題考點為精神科藥物反應的正確處置。遲發性不自主運動(tardive dyskinesia)是長期使用第一代抗精神病藥(如 Haloperidol)的嚴重且可能不可逆的副作用,一旦出現應考慮停藥或換藥,D 敘述處置方向正確,為答案。A 錯在 Venlafaxine 初期噁心多為暫時性且會逐漸適應,不需立即停藥;B 錯在 Mirtazapine 的鎮靜作用是常見且可預期的副作用,常於睡前給予反可助眠,不需立即停換藥;C 錯在 SSRI 並非必然造成體重持續增加,衛教病人「自我限制熱量因體重隨時會增加」的說法不恰當且無實證依據。考點在於辨識遲發性運動障礙屬需處置的嚴重副作用,並區分可自行緩解的暫時性副作用。","遲發性運動障礙(TD)為長期多巴胺阻斷後受體過度敏感所致,表現為口舌顏面不自主運動,可能不可逆,故一經發現須評估停換藥(可換非典型藥或用 VMAT2 抑制劑)。相對地,SSRI\u002FSNRI 的噁心、Mirtazapine 的鎮靜多屬初期可耐受副作用,衛教觀察與時間適應即可,不宜一律停藥。",[24,27,29,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"Haloperidol",3,{"term":28,"count":10},"遲發性運動障礙",{"term":30,"count":31},"抗憂鬱藥副作用",1,{"term":33,"count":31},"副作用處置原則",[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-010","有關思覺失調症病因的敘述，下列何者最適當？",10,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":31},"nurse-112-1-psychiatric-community-026","根據 DSM-5 診斷準則，人格障礙症（General Personality Disorder）的描述，下列何者最不適宜？",26,112,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":10},"nurse-112-2-psychiatric-community-040","承上題，王先生服用 clozapine 藥物時，下列何者為首要健康風險控制預防措施？",40,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":26},"nurse-113-3-psychiatric-community-008","高小姐罹患「雙相情緒障礙症」，因情緒高昂，整天在家裡不停翻箱倒櫃忙進忙出，表示自己是神力女超人，不需進食，晚上不睡覺一直打電話給警局要一起去拯救世界，故家人帶她入院治療，下列高小姐護理問題何者適切？①營養攝取不足 ②現存性自我傷害 ③睡眠型態紊亂 ④恐懼",8,113,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":31},"nurse-115-1-psychiatric-community-012","有關被害妄想的護理措施，下列何者最適切？",12,115,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":42,"year":61,"session":10},"nurse-106-2-psychiatric-community-026","下列何種藥物濫用會因長期嗅吸造成鼻中膈穿孔、肺受損及靜脈注射感染疾病？",106,"2026-09-04",1788510739799]