[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-072":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":62},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-111-2-內外科護理學-072","nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-072",111,2,72,"有關高滲透壓高血糖狀態（HHS）的敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"好發於第一型糖尿病人","呼吸加速且深度增加","檢驗血中呈現無或微量酮體","因無胰島素分泌導致高血糖","C",null,[],"本題考點在於高滲透壓高血糖狀態（HHS）的特徵，選正確者。HHS 病人仍有少量胰島素足以抑制脂肪分解，故酮體生成極少，檢驗呈「無或微量酮體」，故 C 正確。考點在於 HHS 與 DKA 在酮體上的關鍵差異。A 錯在 HHS 好發於「第二型」糖尿病人（常為年長者），非第一型。B 錯在 HHS 因酮體少、無明顯代謝性酸中毒，通常「無」Kussmaul 深快呼吸。D 錯在 HHS 仍有殘餘胰島素分泌（只是相對不足），並非完全無胰島素，這正是其少酮體的原因。","DKA vs HHS：DKA（第一型、胰島素絕對缺乏、有酮酸、血糖>250、有 Kussmaul 呼吸）；HHS（第二型、胰島素相對不足、少酮、血糖常>600、滲透壓>320、脫水與神經症狀更嚴重）。兩者治療皆以補液、胰島素、電解質（尤其補鉀）矯正，HHS 死亡率較高。",[24,27,30,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"第二型糖尿病",3,{"term":28,"count":29},"高滲透壓高血糖狀態",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"殘餘胰島素",{"term":33,"count":29},"無酮體",[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-073","有關甲狀腺功能亢進病人的飲食指導，下列何者正確？",73,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":10},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-009","下列何者可用來做為大腸癌手術後是否復發的參考指標？",9,112,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":26},"nurse-112-3-medical-surgical-023","病人初次確診為缺鐵性貧血，醫囑須服用鐵劑，下列護理指導何者正確？",23,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":29},"nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-021","正在接受體外放射線治療的癌症病人表示：「臉和頸部的皮膚發紅刺痛、脫屑，甚至有些部位會濕濕的，很不舒服」，下列處置何者正確？",21,114,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":10},"nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-025","有關化學治療藥物滲漏之處理方式，下列何者最不適當？",25,115,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":42,"year":61,"session":29},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-009","引起急性感染性腹瀉後可能出現關節炎合併症之微生物，下列何者正確？",107,"2026-09-04",1788510738884]