[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-071":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":63},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-111-2-內外科護理學-071","nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-071",111,2,71,"有關糖尿病酮酸中毒（DKA）病人的呼吸特徵，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"深、快、有果香味","淺、慢、有尿騷味","深、慢、有果香味","淺、快、有尿騷味","A",null,[],"本題考點在於糖尿病酮酸中毒（DKA）的呼吸特徵。DKA 因酮體堆積造成代謝性酸中毒，身體代償性以「深而快」的庫斯毛耳氏呼吸（Kussmaul respiration）排出二氧化碳，且酮體使呼氣帶「果香（丙酮）味」，故選 A（深、快、有果香味）。考點在於酸中毒代償與酮體氣味。B、D 錯在「淺、慢」不符合代謝性酸中毒需增加通氣量排酸的代償方向，且「尿騷味」是尿毒症（氨味）的特徵而非酮酸中毒。C 錯在「深、慢」不一致，Kussmaul 呼吸為深且快，非深而慢。","Kussmaul 呼吸是代謝性酸中毒的呼吸代償，藉過度換氣降低 PaCO₂ 以拉回 pH。丙酮由血中排出經肺呼出故有爛蘋果般果香味。與 HHS 對比：HHS 因少或無酮體，通常無 Kussmaul 呼吸與果香味，血糖更高、滲透壓更高。",[24,27,30,33],{"term":25,"count":26},"糖尿病酮酸中毒",8,{"term":28,"count":29},"Kussmaul 呼吸",4,{"term":31,"count":32},"代謝性酸中毒代償",1,{"term":34,"count":32},"丙酮果香味",[36,40,44,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-072","有關高滲透壓高血糖狀態（HHS）的敘述，下列何者正確？",72,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":26,"year":43,"session":10},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-008","重症肌無力病人使用抗膽鹼酯酶藥物的護理指導，下列何者正確？①腹部絞痛可能為劑量不足徵象 ②鼓勵進食高蛋白食物預防副作用 ③血壓上升可能為劑量過量徵象 ④務必準時服藥因延遲服藥可能會喪失吞藥力量",112,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":48},"nurse-112-3-medical-surgical-022","有關冠狀動脈繞道手術後護理，下列敘述何者錯誤？",22,3,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":32},"nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-020","有關靜脈剝除結紮手術（stripping and ligation）術後照護之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",20,114,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":10},"nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-024","一位癌症病人檢查及評估結果如下：血壓 105\u002F65 mmHg，呼吸 20 次／分，心電圖顯示正常竇性心律，鉀離子 4.1 mmol\u002FL，尿酸 5.5 mg\u002FdL，血鈣 9.2 mg\u002FdL，蹠反射強直，無水腫症狀。病人最可能罹患下列何種腫瘤急症？",24,115,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":26,"year":62,"session":32},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-008","Tensilon（Edrophonium）test 是下列那一種疾病最具代表性的檢查？",107,"2026-09-04",1788510738880]