[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-058":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-111-2-內外科護理學-058","nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-058",111,2,58,"有關急性呼吸窘迫症候群（ARDS）病生理變化的敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"微血管細胞膜的通透性增加，導致肺水腫","肺泡過度擴張導致呼吸道阻力下降","肺泡表面張力素過度分泌，導致肺泡過度撐大","支氣管擴張導致進入肺的氣體流量下降","A",null,[],"本題考點在於急性呼吸窘迫症候群（ARDS）的病生理。ARDS 因肺泡-微血管膜受損、通透性增加，富含蛋白質的液體滲入肺間質與肺泡，造成非心因性肺水腫與嚴重低血氧，故 A 正確。考點在於掌握「微血管通透性增加致肺水腫」的核心機轉。B 錯在 ARDS 肺泡塌陷、肺順應性下降，呼吸道阻力並非因肺泡過度擴張而下降。C 錯在 ARDS 是第二型肺泡細胞受損、表面張力素「減少」，導致肺泡塌陷而非過度撐大。D 錯在 ARDS 主要問題是肺泡與間質的擴散障礙及塌陷，並非支氣管擴張造成氣流下降。","ARDS 三特徵：急性發作、雙側浸潤、非心因性（PAWP≤18）低血氧，PaO₂\u002FFiO₂≤300 且愈低愈重。表面張力素缺乏使肺泡表面張力上升而塌陷，肺順應性下降呈「僵硬肺」，治療以低潮氣容積肺保護通氣與 PEEP 撐開肺泡為原則。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"非心因性肺水腫",6,{"term":28,"count":10},"ARDS",{"term":30,"count":10},"表面張力素",{"term":32,"count":33},"肺泡-微血管膜通透性",1,[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-059","肺擴張不全病人的身體評估，下列發現何者正確？",59,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":33},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-075","有關急救使用手壓式甦醒球面罩（Ambu Bag mask）給與人工呼吸的敘述，下列何者正確？",75,112,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":48},"nurse-112-3-medical-surgical-009","有關消化性潰瘍藥物治療之目的，下列何者錯誤？",9,3,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":33},"nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-007","有關大腸癌的高危險因子，下列敘述何者正確？",7,114,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":10},"nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-011","有關病人因右側髖骨骨折接受全髖關節置換術之護理指導，下列敘述何者正確？",11,115,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":42,"year":62,"session":10},"nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-075","有關腸病毒之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",106,"2026-09-04",1788510738760]