[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-036":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-111-2-內外科護理學-036","nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-036",111,2,36,"有關癌症疼痛三階梯止痛療法的敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"需要時給予止痛劑，比按時給予止痛劑的止痛效果好","第一階段建議使用弱效麻醉性止痛劑，合併輔助性藥物","麻醉性止痛劑有天花板效應，即使增加劑量，止痛效果也不會增加","麻醉性止痛藥物的解毒劑是 Naloxone","D",null,[],"本題考點為 WHO 癌症三階梯止痛療法的原則。麻醉性止痛藥(如嗎啡)過量的專一解毒劑是 Naloxone(鴉片受體拮抗劑),故 D 正確。A 錯誤:三階梯強調「按時給藥」(around the clock)以維持穩定血中濃度,優於疼痛時才給;B 錯誤:第一階段用非麻醉性止痛劑(如 NSAIDs、Acetaminophen)合併輔助藥,弱效鴉片屬第二階段;C 錯誤:純嗎啡類麻醉性止痛劑「無天花板效應」,可依疼痛程度持續加量,有天花板效應的是非麻醉性止痛劑與部分致效劑。","WHO 三階梯:第一階(輕痛)非鴉片類(NSAIDs、Acetaminophen)±輔助藥;第二階(中痛)弱效鴉片(Codeine、Tramadol)±非鴉片±輔助;第三階(重痛)強效鴉片(Morphine)±非鴉片±輔助。核心原則五字訣:口服、按時、依階梯、個別化、注意細節。「無天花板效應」是純鴉片致效劑的重要特性——止痛效果隨劑量上升無上限,限制加量的只有副作用(呼吸抑制),故 Naloxone 作為呼吸抑制的解救藥必須熟記。Acetaminophen 才有肝毒性天花板。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"WHO 三階梯止痛",1,{"term":28,"count":26},"按時給藥原則",{"term":30,"count":26},"鴉片無天花板效應",{"term":32,"count":26},"Naloxone 解毒劑",[34,38,43,47,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-037","有關癌症病人口腔黏膜障礙照護的敘述，下列何者正確？ ①使用含類固醇的口內膏，可緩解疼痛和發炎 ②Nystatin 可預防白色念珠菌感染，漱口後要吐掉不可吞服 ③病人對苦味的敏感度減少，故可以吃苦瓜和芥菜，補充纖維素 ④使用口香糖可維持口腔濕潤",37,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":26},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-053","全球慢性阻塞性肺疾病倡議組織（Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, GOLD）將 COPD 嚴重度分為 GOLD 1～4 級，下列何者為分級依據？",53,112,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":10},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-067","有關皮質醇（Cortisol）之敘述，下列何者正確？",67,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":52},"nurse-113-3-medical-surgical-035","有關肺結核病人的出院護理指導，下列何者正確？",35,113,3,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":26},"nurse-115-1-medical-surgical-039","有關泌尿道檢查之敘述，下列何者正確？",39,115,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":41,"year":61,"session":10},"nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-053","評估疑似肺栓塞病人時，最可能發現下列何種症狀？",106,"2026-09-04",1788510738551]