[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-032":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":26},"nurse-111-2-基礎醫學-032","nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-032",111,2,32,"下列降血壓藥物，何者初次服用會造成姿態性低血壓，可給予較少的起始劑量或睡前服用？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"Propranolol","Minoxidil","Furosemide","Prazosin","D",null,[],"本題考點為初次服用易致姿態性低血壓的降血壓藥（首劑效應）。依藥理，Prazosin 為 α1 腎上腺素受體阻斷劑，阻斷血管平滑肌 α1 受體使血管擴張，初次服用易出現明顯姿態性低血壓（首劑昏厥），故建議低起始劑量或睡前服用，選 D。A Propranolol 為 β 阻斷劑，非典型首劑姿態性低血壓；B Minoxidil 為直接血管擴張劑，主副作用為多毛與水鈉滯留；C Furosemide 為利尿劑，作用機轉不同，故選 D。","α1 阻斷劑（prazosin、doxazosin、terazosin）解除血管收縮張力，首劑效應（first-dose phenomenon）指初次或加量時因交感代償尚未建立而血壓驟降、暈厥，故睡前小劑量起始。此類藥亦鬆弛攝護腺與膀胱頸平滑肌，可改善良性攝護腺肥大的排尿症狀。記憶：字尾「-zosin」為 α1 阻斷劑，留意首劑姿態性低血壓。",[25,27,29,31],{"term":18,"count":26},1,{"term":28,"count":26},"α1 受體阻斷劑",{"term":30,"count":26},"首劑效應",{"term":32,"count":26},"姿態性低血壓",[34,38,43,48,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-033","下列何者不是 1995 年東京地鐵發生沙林（sarin）毒氣攻擊事件受害者的症狀？",33,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-029","食道腺癌（Esophageal Adenocarcinoma）與下列何者的關係最為密切？",29,112,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":26},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-023","下列那種遺傳性疾病的遺傳模式和其他選項不一樣？",23,113,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":11},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-021","下列何種病灶的發炎反應形式與其他三種最不相同？",21,114,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":26},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-025","下列何者是生成睪固酮（testosterone）最主要的細胞？",25,106,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":26},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-059","下列有關 Mannitol 之敘述，何者錯誤？",59,107,"2026-09-04",1788510737284]