[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-014":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-111-2-基礎醫學-014","nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-014",111,2,14,"下列何者具有最低的腎臟血漿清除率（renal clearance）？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"葡萄糖（glucose）","尿素（urea）","肌酐酸（creatinine）","對胺基馬尿酸（para-aminohippuric acid）","A",null,[],"本題考點為腎臟血漿清除率（renal clearance）的概念。依腎臟生理，清除率反映腎在單位時間內完全清除某物質的血漿體積；葡萄糖在正常血糖下經腎絲球濾過後幾乎全被近曲小管再吸收回血，尿中排出量近乎零，故清除率最低，選 A。B 尿素部分再吸收、清除率中等；C 肌酐酸幾乎只濾過不再吸收，清除率接近腎絲球過濾率；D 對胺基馬尿酸（PAH）除濾過外還被大量分泌，清除率最高、可估腎血漿流量，故最低者為葡萄糖。","清除率用於推估腎功能指標：肌酐酸清除率≈腎絲球過濾率（GFR）；PAH 清除率≈有效腎血漿流量（因幾乎全被清除）。物質若被再吸收則清除率低於 GFR，若被分泌則高於 GFR。葡萄糖有再吸收上限（腎閾約 180 mg\u002FdL），超過才出現糖尿。記憶排序：葡萄糖\u003C尿素\u003C肌酐酸\u003CPAH。",[25,28,31,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"腎絲球過濾率",5,{"term":29,"count":30},"腎臟清除率",1,{"term":32,"count":30},"葡萄糖再吸收",{"term":34,"count":30},"PAH 與腎血漿流量",[36,40,45,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-015","體制素（somatostatin）主要由消化道何處分泌？",15,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-011","下列何者不是長時間的肌肉活動後，肌纖維中常見的代謝物質？",11,112,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":27,"year":48,"session":30},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-005","下列何者最可能促進生長激素（growth hormone）分泌？",113,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":11},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-003","有關肌肉的作用，下列何者與其他三者不同？",3,114,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":30},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-007","下列何者走在心臟左邊的冠狀溝（coronary sulcus）中？",7,106,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":30},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-041","下列何者最容易出現在全胃切除（total gastrectomy）後發生貧血之患者？",41,107,"2026-09-04",1788510737085]