[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-002":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-111-2-基礎醫學-002","nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-002",111,2,"二氧化碳在血液中最主要的運送形式是：",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"與白血球結合","與血紅素結合","形成重碳酸離子","與血漿白蛋白結合","C",null,[],"本題考點是二氧化碳在血液中的運送形式。依呼吸生理，血液中約 70% 的二氧化碳以「重碳酸離子（HCO₃⁻，碳酸氫根）」形式運送——CO₂ 在紅血球內經碳酸酐酶催化與水生成碳酸再解離為 HCO₃⁻ 與 H⁺，故最主要形式選 C。A 錯，CO₂ 並不與白血球結合運送。B 與血紅素結合形成碳醯胺基血紅素（carbaminohemoglobin）約僅占 20–23%，並非最主要。D 與血漿白蛋白結合並非 CO₂ 的主要運送途徑。溶解於血漿的 CO₂ 僅約 7–10%。因此以重碳酸離子形式運送比例最高，為正解。","CO₂ 三種運送形式與比例：重碳酸根 HCO₃⁻ 約 70%（主要）、與血紅素結合成 carbaminohemoglobin 約 23%、溶解於血漿約 7%。關鍵酵素為紅血球內的碳酸酐酶（carbonic anhydrase）：CO₂＋H₂O ⇌ H₂CO₃ ⇌ H⁺＋HCO₃⁻，HCO₃⁻ 經「氯離子轉移（chloride shift／Hamburger phenomenon）」與 Cl⁻ 交換出紅血球進入血漿運送，H⁺ 則由血紅素緩衝。此機制同時是血液酸鹼緩衝（碳酸—重碳酸系統）的核心。到肺部後反應逆轉，HCO₃⁻ 重新生成 CO₂ 呼出。與 O₂ 運送（98% 靠血紅素）對比記憶：氧靠血紅素、二氧化碳靠重碳酸根，是常考對照點。",[24,27,30,33],{"term":25,"count":26},"碳酸酐酶",5,{"term":28,"count":29},"二氧化碳運送",3,{"term":31,"count":32},"重碳酸離子",1,{"term":34,"count":32},"氯離子轉移",[36,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":29,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-003","胸大肌收縮可使上臂：",{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":32},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-049","下列對於變性普利昂蛋白（prion）之敘述，何者錯誤？",49,112,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":29},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-043","下列何種過敏反應主要是由 IgE 抗體所引起？",43,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":32},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-041","細菌間遺傳物質移轉有不同方式，其中噬菌體（phage）是藉由下列何種方式進行？",41,114,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-045","金黃色葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus aureus）若懸浮於人類的血漿中會促進纖維蛋白（fibrin）形成引發凝血，與下列那一種毒素最相關？",45,115,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":32},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-029","一位 65 公斤重的人，其細胞內液（intracellular fluid）有多少公斤？",29,107,"2026-09-04",1788510736990]