[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":62},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-001":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":32,"lastmod":61},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":12},"nurse-111-2-基礎醫學-001","nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-001",111,2,1,"下列何種胃腺細胞，其分泌物質與大腸杯狀細胞所分泌的相似？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"黏液頸細胞","壁細胞","主細胞","腸內分泌細胞","A",null,[],"本題考點是胃腺細胞的分泌物與其組織學功能對應。大腸杯狀細胞（goblet cell）分泌的是黏液（mucus\u002Fmucin）以潤滑並保護腸黏膜；胃腺中同樣分泌黏液的是「黏液頸細胞（mucous neck cell）」，故其分泌物與杯狀細胞相似，選 A。B 壁細胞（parietal cell）分泌鹽酸與內在因子，性質與黏液完全不同。C 主細胞（chief cell）分泌胃蛋白酶原（pepsinogen），屬消化酶前驅物而非黏液。D 腸內分泌細胞（enteroendocrine cell）分泌胃泌素等激素進入血液，屬內分泌功能，與杯狀細胞的外分泌黏液不同。因此唯有黏液頸細胞與杯狀細胞同以黏液為分泌物。","胃底腺四種主要細胞要對應清楚分泌物與功能：黏液頸細胞→黏液（保護胃壁）；壁細胞→鹽酸（活化胃蛋白酶原、殺菌）＋內在因子（結合維生素 B12 供迴腸吸收）；主細胞→胃蛋白酶原（遇酸轉為胃蛋白酶消化蛋白質）；腸內分泌細胞（如 G 細胞）→胃泌素等激素調節分泌。杯狀細胞是散布於腸道與呼吸道上皮的單細胞外分泌腺，專司黏液分泌，故與胃的黏液頸細胞在「分泌黏液」上同質。記憶法：看到「黏液」就連結黏液頸細胞與杯狀細胞。可延伸連結內在因子缺乏導致的惡性貧血（壁細胞受損／萎縮性胃炎）。",[25,27,28,30],{"term":26,"count":12},"胃底腺細胞",{"term":15,"count":12},{"term":29,"count":12},"杯狀細胞黏液",{"term":31,"count":12},"壁細胞與主細胞功能",[33,36,41,46,51,56],{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":11,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-002","二氧化碳在血液中最主要的運送形式是：",{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":40,"session":12},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-048","小兒麻痺病毒（polio virus）所引起的小兒麻痺曾經使人類引以為懼，但自有了疫苗後，對人類的威脅大為減低，對這二個疫苗，下列敘述何者正確？",48,112,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":40,"session":45},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-042","從胸腺發育而來，未曾受抗原刺激的 T 細胞，主要由下列何種細胞啟動第一步的活化？",42,3,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":12},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-040","使用化學治療藥於癌症病患，有時會給與amifostine，試問amifostine有何藥理作用？",40,114,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":11},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-044","下列何種自體免疫疾病是由免疫複合物媒介（第三型過敏反應）？",44,115,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":12},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-028","下列構造何者可以進行腎臟之逆流交換（counter-current exchange）？",28,107,"2026-09-04",1788510736980]