[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-psychiatric-community-059":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":32,"lastmod":62},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-111-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-059","nurse-111-1-psychiatric-community-059",111,1,59,"有關食品添加物之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"硝酸鹽與亞硝酸鹽添加，可抑制肉類肉毒桿菌生長","防腐劑可抑制和殺死微生物的作用","添加阿斯巴甜之食物，應標註「苯酮尿症患者」不宜食用","過氧化氫（H 2 O 2 ）可添加於魚肉煉製品，但不得殘留","B",null,[],"本題考點是防腐劑作用性質與食品添加物常識。依食品衛生學，防腐劑（preservative）的作用是「抑制」微生物生長繁殖以延長保存期限，屬抑菌（bacteriostatic）而非殺菌，敘述稱其能「殺死微生物」並不正確，故選 B。A 正確，硝酸鹽與亞硝酸鹽可抑制肉毒桿菌孳生並發色，是加工肉品常用添加物。C 正確，阿斯巴甜代謝會產生苯丙胺酸，苯酮尿症（PKU）患者無法代謝，故須標示警語。D 正確，過氧化氫可用於魚肉煉製品的漂白殺菌，但屬加工助劑，成品「不得殘留」。","抑菌與殺菌之別是關鍵：防腐劑多數僅抑制微生物增殖（bacteriostatic），移除後微生物可能復甦，故其定義不含「殺死」。亞硝酸鹽的雙面性值得延伸——可抑制肉毒桿菌並穩定紅色（生成亞硝基肌紅蛋白），但在高溫或胃酸下可與胺類生成致癌的亞硝胺，故有限量規範。阿斯巴甜含苯丙胺酸，PKU 患者缺乏苯丙胺酸羥化酶，過量會累積損害神經發育。過氧化氫屬「加工助劑」概念，作用完成後須去除、成品零殘留。此題以「殺死」一詞設陷阱，考的是對防腐劑抑菌本質的精準理解。",[24,26,28,30],{"term":25,"count":10},"防腐劑抑菌作用",{"term":27,"count":10},"抑菌與殺菌之別",{"term":29,"count":10},"亞硝酸鹽與肉毒桿菌",{"term":31,"count":10},"阿斯巴甜與苯酮尿症",[33,37,42,47,52,58],{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":36,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-psychiatric-community-060","自來水廠淨水工程中採用的曝氣法，主要目的為何？①增加一氧化碳，抑制藻類植物的生長 ②去除水中有害氣體及不良氣味 ③過濾及淨化水質 ④提高 pH 值，以減少水管腐蝕性",60,{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":41},"nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-076","有關長者在家進行肌力和肌耐力訓練，下列敘述何者錯誤？",76,2,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":41},"nurse-112-2-psychiatric-community-010","下列何項為 BZD 類抗焦慮藥物？",10,112,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":41},"nurse-113-2-psychiatric-community-028","有關篩檢工具效度的敘述，下列何者最適當？",28,113,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":57},"nurse-114-3-psychiatric-community-032","進行社區健康評估時，蒐集社區提供獨居老人共餐情形，主要是下列何種系統的資料蒐集？",32,114,3,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":40,"year":61,"session":10},"nurse-106-1-psychiatric-community-076","世界衛生組織倡導的「高齡友善城市」所包括的面向，下列何者錯誤？",106,"2026-09-04",1788510736726]