[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-psychiatric-community-046":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":36,"lastmod":65},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-111-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-046","nurse-111-1-psychiatric-community-046",111,1,46,"某護理師欲探討罕見病例的危險因子，下列何種研究方法最適當？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"生態研究法（ecological study）","世代研究法（cohort study）","橫斷研究法（cross-sectional study）","病例對照法（case-control study）","D",null,[],"本題考點在流行病學研究設計的選擇。依流行病學方法學，研究「罕見疾病」的危險因子，最適當者為病例對照法（case-control study）；因其由『已患病者（病例）』與『未患病者（對照）』回溯比較過去暴露史，樣本需求小、效率高，特別適合罕見疾病，故選 D。考點在於辨識罕見病配病例對照。A 生態研究以群體為分析單位，易生生態謬誤，無法探個體危險因子；B 世代研究由暴露追蹤至發病，適合罕見暴露但對罕見疾病需龐大樣本與長時間，不經濟；C 橫斷研究同時測暴露與疾病，難判時序且對罕見疾病盛行率過低不適用。故選 D。","研究設計對應要訣：罕見『疾病』選 case-control（回溯暴露，算勝算比 OR）；罕見『暴露』選 cohort（前瞻追蹤，算相對危險性 RR）。case-control 省時省錢、可同時探討多重危險因子，但易有回憶偏差與選樣偏差，且無法直接算發生率。cohort 可確立時序、算發生率，但費時費錢、易失訪。口訣：『病少用對照、暴露少用世代』。",[24,27,29,32,34],{"term":25,"count":26},"病例對照研究",8,{"term":28,"count":26},"世代研究",{"term":30,"count":31},"流行病學方法",2,{"term":33,"count":10},"罕見疾病研究設計",{"term":35,"count":10},"勝算比與相對危險性",[37,41,45,50,55,61],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-psychiatric-community-047","針對 200 位民眾進行慢性腎臟病篩檢，發現原本有 40 位慢性腎臟病患者經篩檢後 20 位呈陽性，而原本 160 位健康者經篩檢後有 140 位呈陰性，此次篩檢工具的敏感性（sensitivity）為何？",47,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":9,"session":31},"nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-063","有關 Smilkstein 所提出之 APGAR 家庭功能評估的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",63,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-psychiatric-community-077","王老先生 78 歲，接受成人健檢抽血檢查發現腎絲球過濾率值（GFR）為 53 mL\u002Fmin\u002F1.73 m 2 前來健康諮詢。社區護理師的衛教與評估，下列何項最不適宜？",77,112,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":31},"nurse-113-2-psychiatric-community-015","有關心理防衛機轉，下列敘述何者正確？",15,113,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":60},"nurse-114-3-psychiatric-community-019","躁症病人於住院期間之護理，下列敘述何者最適當？",19,114,3,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":44,"year":64,"session":10},"nurse-106-1-psychiatric-community-063","家庭護理最終的目標，下列何者正確？",106,"2026-09-04",1788510736589]