[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-psychiatric-community-028":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":63},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-111-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-028","nurse-111-1-psychiatric-community-028",111,1,28,"有關酒精成癮治療的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"以麻醉拮抗劑（naloxone）矯正乙醇引發的意識昏迷狀態","以 BZD 與 α 1 -Blockers 藥物治療自主神經系統亢奮症狀","戒酒發泡錠（disulfiram）可抑制肝臟代謝酒精的過程","宜合併心理治療","B",null,[],"本題考點在酒精成癮治療的藥物與原理，屬「找錯誤」題。依藥理學，酒精戒斷造成自主神經亢奮（心跳快、血壓高、顫抖、癲癇風險），主流用藥為 benzodiazepine（BZD）以交叉耐受性緩解戒斷；B 卻寫成 BZD 併「α1-Blockers」，戒斷亢奮應以 β 阻斷劑或 α2 致效劑（如 clonidine）處理交感過亢，α1 阻斷劑並非標準治療，故 B 敘述錯誤，為答案。A naloxone 為鴉片拮抗劑，臨床確有用於矯正酒精引發昏迷／排除混合中毒，敘述可接受；C disulfiram 抑制乙醛去氫酶使乙醛堆積產生嫌惡反應，敘述其干擾酒精代謝方向正確；D 合併心理治療正確。故選 B。","酒精長期活化 GABA、抑制 NMDA；驟停時 GABA 抑制不足、NMDA 過度興奮，導致戒斷亢奮甚至震顫性譫妄（DT）。BZD 增強 GABA-A 作用可交叉替代、平順戒斷。disulfiram 阻斷乙醛去氫酶（ALDH），飲酒後乙醛蓄積引發臉紅、心悸、噁心的嫌惡制約。交感過亢的輔助控制以 clonidine（α2 致效）或 β 阻斷劑為主。記憶：戒斷急性期＝BZD；維持嫌惡＝disulfiram；減渴求＝naltrexone／acamprosate。",[24,27,29,31,33],{"term":25,"count":26},"酒精戒斷症候群",2,{"term":28,"count":10},"benzodiazepine 交叉耐受",{"term":30,"count":10},"disulfiram",{"term":32,"count":10},"GABA\u002FNMDA 失衡",{"term":34,"count":10},"自主神經亢奮",[36,40,44,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-psychiatric-community-029","有關於精神疾病診斷準則手冊（Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, DSM-5）對於「認知障礙症」診斷準則之敘述，下列何者正確？",29,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":9,"session":26},"nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-045","全民健康保險大幅減低就醫者的經濟負擔，造成民眾因而可能隨意使用過多的醫療服務，此現象為下列何種危害？",45,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-psychiatric-community-059","社區護理師家訪時發現：陳先生 55 歲，3 個月前中風，左半邊肢體較無力，復健後行走不需用拐杖；擔心再次中風會坐輪椅或需人照顧。根據健康信念模式，是符合下列何項評估要素？",59,112,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":10},"nurse-113-1-psychiatric-community-047","陳女士，喪偶，罹患中度失智症，與兒女同住但平日兒女需上班。下列何項長照服務應優先建議？",47,113,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":10,"year":57,"session":58},"nurse-114-3-psychiatric-community-001","有關新興影響精神物質（new psychoactive substances, NPS），下列敘述何者最不適當？",114,3,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":43,"year":62,"session":10},"nurse-106-1-psychiatric-community-045","社區衛生護理師對 1,000 位 65 歲以上居民進行血膽固醇篩檢，發現其中有 250 人的血膽固醇值超過正常，經過 1 年，再邀請這 1,000 位受檢者回診，發現有 300 人的血膽固醇值超過正常，下列敘述何項正確？",106,"2026-09-04",1788510736407]