[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-psychiatric-community-011":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-111-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-011","nurse-111-1-psychiatric-community-011",111,1,11,"強調人是自主的，可自由創造具有價值意義的生存方式，是下列何項心理治療的理論觀點？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"心理分析治療","個人中心治療","存在—人文主義治療","認知行為治療","C",null,[],"本題考點為心理治療學派的核心觀點對應。強調人是自主的、能自由選擇並創造具價值意義的生存方式，正是存在—人文主義治療的核心信念，重視自由、責任、意義與自我實現，故選 C。A 心理分析治療強調潛意識衝突與早期經驗的決定性影響，較偏決定論而非自由創造。B 個人中心治療雖屬人文取向、重視自我實現，但其核心手段在於治療者的無條件正向關懷與同理所營造的成長環境，較側重關係條件而非「自由創造意義」的哲學命題。D 認知行為治療聚焦於辨識與修正不合理認知與行為，取向不同。","人文—存在取向（Rogers、May、Frankl）主張人具成長潛能與自由意志，須為自己的選擇負責，並在有限存在中創造意義；存在主義治療尤其處理自由、責任、孤獨、死亡與意義等終極關懷。與之對比：心理分析（Freud）為潛意識決定論、認知行為（Beck、Ellis）為認知中介模式、個人中心（Rogers）以真誠、同理、無條件正向關懷三要素促成長。本題選項 B 與 C 皆屬人文陣營，區辨關鍵在題幹強調「自由創造意義」這一存在主義命題。可連結 Frankl 意義治療（logotherapy）。",[24,26,28,30,31],{"term":25,"count":10},"存在人文主義治療",{"term":27,"count":10},"自由與責任",{"term":29,"count":10},"意義治療",{"term":15,"count":10},{"term":32,"count":10},"心理治療學派比較",[34,38,43,48,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-psychiatric-community-012","王小姐在精神科病房住院，住院期間某日與其他病人爭執，出手攻擊對方。依據行為治療理論，下列何項負向增強（negative reinforcement）的處置最適當？",12,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":9,"session":42},"nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-028","有關物質使用障礙症個案的追蹤輔導的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",28,2,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-psychiatric-community-042","根據長期照顧服務法，長期照顧的定義是指身心失能持續已達或預期達多久以上者，依其個人或其照顧者的需要，所提供的生活支持、協助、社會參與、照顧及相關的醫護服務？",42,112,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":10},"nurse-113-1-psychiatric-community-030","若病人出現發燒、出疹、咳嗽等疑似麻疹症狀，應收集「TOCC」，TOCC包括下列何者？①抽菸史（cessation） ②旅遊史（travel） ③接觸史（contact） ④職業史（occupation） ⑤手術史（operation） ⑥發病時間（time） ⑦群聚史（cluster）",30,113,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":42},"nurse-114-2-psychiatric-community-034","依據渥太華五大行動綱領，社區推動素食餐飲減少碳排放的相關活動，下列何者屬於創造支持性環境？",34,114,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":41,"year":61,"session":10},"nurse-106-1-psychiatric-community-028","許小姐所使用物質的嗎啡中毒主要症狀，下列說明何者最適切？",106,"2026-09-04",1788510736222]