[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-079":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":36,"lastmod":63},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-111-1-內外科護理學-079","nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-079",111,1,79,"病人輸血 10 分鐘時出現蕁麻疹及哮喘之處置，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"需密切監測生命徵象的變化","暫停輸血 5 分鐘，再繼續進行輸血","維持呼吸道暢通","給予 Epinephrine 及 Aminophylline","B",null,[],"本題考點在於輸血反應中過敏反應的緊急處置。依輸血反應的安全原則,當病人出現蕁麻疹及哮喘等過敏性反應,首要且絕對的處置是「立即停止輸血」並保留靜脈通路,絕不可只暫停 5 分鐘後再繼續,因再度輸入抗原可能誘發更嚴重的過敏性休克,故 B「暫停輸血 5 分鐘再繼續」錯誤,為本題答案。A 密切監測生命徵象,正確。C 出現哮喘表示呼吸道受影響,維持呼吸道暢通,正確。D 給予 Epinephrine 緩解過敏與 Aminophylline 舒張支氣管,是過敏性\u002F氣管痙攣的對症用藥,正確。","輸血反應處置的鐵律是「先停血、再處理」:立即停止輸血、更換輸液管路改打生理食鹽水維持靜脈通路、監測生命徵象、通報醫師並保留血袋送檢。過敏反應由對血漿蛋白的免疫反應引起,輕者蕁麻疹、重者喉頭水腫與過敏性休克。Epinephrine 是嚴重過敏反應的首選,Aminophylline\u002F支氣管擴張劑處理支氣管痙攣。切記過敏反應不會因「暫停幾分鐘」而消退,再輸只會惡化。",[24,27,30,32,34],{"term":25,"count":26},"輸血反應",3,{"term":28,"count":29},"呼吸道維持",2,{"term":31,"count":10},"過敏反應",{"term":33,"count":10},"立即停止輸血",{"term":35,"count":10},"Epinephrine",[37,41,46,50,55,59],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-080","有關腸病毒之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",80,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-016","有關食道憩室之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",16,112,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":45,"session":29},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-030","有關血管產生動脈粥狀硬化（atherosclerosis）的病理機轉，下列敘述何者錯誤？",30,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":29},"nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-048","有關心因性休克的敘述，下列何者正確？",48,113,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":29,"year":58,"session":10},"nurse-115-1-medical-surgical-002","有關重症肌無力之敘述，下列何者正確？①屬於自體免疫疾病，體內產生攻擊Ach接受器的抗體           ② 第一型僅侵犯眼肌，造成複視和眼瞼下垂          ③四肢肌肉的無力發生在遠端和下肢且為不對稱   ④當侵犯肋間肌，通氣容積會減少，嚴重呼吸困難致死",115,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":44,"year":62,"session":29},"nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-016","有關腸阻塞的敘述，下列何者正確？",106,"2026-09-04",1788510735297]