[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":62},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-065":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":32,"lastmod":61},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-111-1-內外科護理學-065","nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-065",111,1,65,"有關酸鹼不平衡之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"慢性阻塞性肺疾病病人易致呼吸性酸中毒","歇斯底里症者、過度焦慮者，易致呼吸性鹼中毒","嚴重腹瀉者，易致代謝性鹼中毒","嚴重嘔吐者，易致代謝性酸中毒","C","第65題答Ｃ或Ｄ者均給分",[],"本題考點是各臨床情境對應的酸鹼不平衡類型,屬選『錯誤』題。A慢性阻塞性肺疾病因CO₂滯留→呼吸性酸中毒,正確。B歇斯底里、過度焦慮者換氣過度、排出過多CO₂→呼吸性鹼中毒,正確。C『嚴重腹瀉→代謝性鹼中毒』錯誤:腹瀉大量流失腸液中的重碳酸根(HCO₃⁻),使體內鹼流失,應為代謝性『酸』中毒,方向相反,故選C。(注意:D若照字面『嚴重嘔吐→代謝性酸中毒』,方向也不對——嘔吐流失胃酸HCl應致代謝性鹼中毒;此處以官方答案C為準,並提醒嘔吐、腹瀉的酸鹼方向切勿記反。)","上下腸胃道流失的酸鹼相反,是本題核心:胃(上段)富含HCl,嚴重『嘔吐』流失H⁺→代謝性鹼中毒;腸道與胰膽液富含HCO₃⁻,嚴重『腹瀉』流失鹼→代謝性酸中毒。呼吸型則看換氣:換氣不足留住CO₂(COPD、呼吸抑制)→呼吸性酸中毒;換氣過度排掉CO₂(焦慮、發燒、疼痛)→呼吸性鹼中毒。記憶口訣:『吐鹼瀉酸、留酸排鹼』。本題選項C方向明顯記反故為錯誤敘述;複習時務必把嘔吐↔鹼、腹瀉↔酸這組對照牢牢綁定,是酸鹼考題最高頻的陷阱。",[24,26,28,30],{"term":25,"count":10},"代謝性酸中毒(腹瀉失HCO3−)",{"term":27,"count":10},"代謝性鹼中毒(嘔吐失HCl)",{"term":29,"count":10},"呼吸性酸中毒(COPD)",{"term":31,"count":10},"呼吸性鹼中毒(換氣過度)",[33,37,42,46,51,57],{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":36,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-066","有關腎臟活體組織切片檢查之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",66,{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":41,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-002","與阿茲海默症病人的溝通技巧，下列何者不適宜？",2,112,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":41,"session":40},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-016","有關食道癌的病因，下列何者正確？",16,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":40},"nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-034","王先生呼吸喘，動脈血液氣體分析報告為：pH 7.20、PaCO 2 61 mmHg、PaO 2 62 mmHg、HCO 3- 22 mEq\u002FL，此結果判讀，下列何者正確？",34,113,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":56},"nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-038","有關活體腎臟移植捐贈者，下列敘述何者最不適當？",38,114,3,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":40,"year":60,"session":40},"nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-002","林先生手術移除額葉腦腫瘤後返回神經外科加護單位觀察，病人突然全身性抽搐，下列措施何者不適當？",106,"2026-09-04",1788510734780]