[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-062":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":32,"lastmod":62},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-111-1-內外科護理學-062","nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-062",111,1,62,"承上題，下列何項為林小姐接下來的重要處理目標？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"減緩腎功能惡化","尿毒症相關之護理指導","建立血管通路","開始透析治療或腎移植","D",null,[],"本題考點為 CKD 第五期（末期腎病）病人接下來的重要處理目標。當 eGFR 已降至 9.2 且出現嚴重水腫、無法平躺等尿毒與體液過多症狀，腎臟已無法維持基本功能，此時的重要處置目標是開始腎臟替代療法，即透析治療或腎臟移植，故選 D。A減緩腎功能惡化屬第 3–4 期的目標、B尿毒衛教與C建立血管通路雖為準備工作，但面對已達末期且有症狀者，核心目標是啟動透析或移植以維持生命。判斷依據為第五期有症狀者須進入腎臟替代療法。","腎臟替代療法時機取決於 eGFR 與尿毒症狀（如體液過多致肺水腫、高血鉀、代謝性酸中毒、心包炎、無法控制的噁心厭食）。本病人已具明顯體液過多與極低 eGFR，符合啟動透析指標。血液透析須先建立血管通路（動靜脈廔管），故建立通路是重要準備，但已達末期且症狀明顯時，整體處理目標指向開始替代療法。記憶：末期＋尿毒症狀＝啟動透析或移植。",[24,26,28,30],{"term":25,"count":10},"末期腎病處置",{"term":27,"count":10},"腎臟替代療法",{"term":29,"count":10},"透析與腎移植",{"term":31,"count":10},"尿毒症狀",[33,37,42,47,52,58],{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":36,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-063","張先生 50 歲，患有糖尿病腎病變，下列治療何項錯誤？",63,{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":41},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-079","有關敗血症病人臨床徵象與症狀的敘述，下列何者正確？",79,2,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":41},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-013","有關腹膜炎常見的臨床表徵，下列何者錯誤？",13,112,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":41},"nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-031","汪先生診斷為肺癌並接受右肺葉切除術，下列何者為其最適合的術後姿勢臥位？",31,113,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":57},"nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-035","有關肺心症病人呼吸道清除功能失效問題之護理處置，下列敘述何者最不適當？",35,114,3,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":40,"year":61,"session":10},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-079","有關 H1N1 新型流感之敘述，下列何者正確？",106,"2026-09-04",1788510734764]