[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":62},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-058":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":31,"lastmod":61},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":25},"nurse-111-1-內外科護理學-058","nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-058",111,1,58,"肺炎發生時，於肺實質所產生的病生理變化，不包括下列何者？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"肺塌陷","支氣管擴張症","肺積水","發炎反應","B",null,[],"本題考點為肺炎於肺實質產生的病生理變化，需找出「不包括」的項目。肺炎的核心病變是肺泡的發炎反應、滲出液充填（肺積水、實質化）與局部肺塌陷；而支氣管擴張症（bronchiectasis）是支氣管壁結構被破壞、持續異常擴張的慢性疾病，屬另一類病理過程，非肺炎急性期的肺實質變化，故不包括者選 B。A肺塌陷、C肺積水、D發炎反應皆為肺炎病生理的一部分。判斷依據為區分肺炎的可逆性實質發炎與支氣管擴張症的不可逆結構破壞。","肺炎病生理歷程：病原引發發炎、微血管通透性上升、滲出液與白血球填充肺泡（實質化），造成通氣血流不匹配與肺塌陷，多為可逆。支氣管擴張症則是反覆感染或阻塞導致支氣管壁彈性與肌肉層破壞而永久擴張，特徵為大量膿痰與反覆感染，屬慢性阻塞性病變。記憶：肺炎＝肺泡發炎積液（可逆）；支氣管擴張＝管壁破壞永久擴張（不可逆），兩者機轉不同。",[24,26,28,30],{"term":15,"count":25},4,{"term":27,"count":10},"肺炎病生理",{"term":29,"count":10},"肺泡實質化",{"term":17,"count":10},[32,36,41,46,51,57],{"webId":33,"stem":34,"number":35,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-059","胸腔手術後病人進行深呼吸運動之主要成效，下列何者正確？",59,{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":40},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-075","下列何者在副甲狀腺功能低下病人會呈現陽性反應？",75,2,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":40},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-009","下列何者可用來做為大腸癌手術後是否復發的參考指標？",9,112,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":40},"nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-027","有關疥瘡病人的照護，下列敘述何者錯誤？",27,113,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":56},"nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-031","有關急性支氣管炎，下列敘述何者最適當？",31,114,3,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":39,"year":60,"session":10},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-075","有關心肺復甦術時胸部按壓之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",106,"2026-09-04",1788510734734]