[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":62},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-044":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":31,"lastmod":61},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-111-1-內外科護理學-044","nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-044",111,1,44,"有關決定膚色的黑色素細胞主要分布在下列那一層？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"顆粒層","棘狀層","基底層","網狀層","C",null,[],"本題考點為黑色素細胞在表皮的分布位置。表皮由深至淺為基底層、棘狀層、顆粒層、透明層與角質層；黑色素細胞（melanocyte）主要位於最深的基底層（stratum basale），與角質形成細胞相鄰並將黑色素顆粒輸送出去以決定膚色，故選 C。顆粒層（A）為角質化過程中出現角質透明顆粒之處、棘狀層（B）以棘細胞間橋粒連結為特徵、網狀層（D）屬真皮而非表皮，皆非黑色素細胞主要所在。判斷依據為表皮分層與黑色素細胞的基底層定位。","黑色素細胞源自神經嵴，位居基底層，以樹突狀突起將黑小體（melanosome）傳遞給周圍約數十個角質形成細胞，形成「表皮黑色素單位」。膚色差異主要來自黑小體大小與分布，而非黑色素細胞數目多寡。基底層同時是表皮的增生層，細胞由此往上分化角質化。記憶：黑色素細胞、麥克爾細胞多在基底層；蘭格漢氏細胞（免疫）多在棘狀層。",[24,26,28,29],{"term":25,"count":10},"表皮分層",{"term":27,"count":10},"黑色素細胞",{"term":16,"count":10},{"term":30,"count":10},"膚色決定",[32,36,41,46,51,57],{"webId":33,"stem":34,"number":35,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-045","有關全身性紅斑性狼瘡之護理措施，下列何者錯誤？",45,{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":40},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-061","有關腎臟結石常見的臨床症狀，下列何者錯誤？",61,2,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-075","有關急救使用手壓式甦醒球面罩（Ambu Bag mask）給與人工呼吸的敘述，下列何者正確？",75,112,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":40},"nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-013","病人接受白內障囊外摘除術後之護理指導，下列何者最適當？ ①用力咳嗽 ②彎腰洗頭 ③預防便秘 ④避免提重物",13,113,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":56},"nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-017","58 歲中年婦女，平日血壓約為 138\u002F88 mmHg，沒有糖尿病與其他心血管疾病，BMI 為 30 kg\u002Fm 2 ，飲食偏好重油滷肉類食物，沒有抽菸與喝酒習慣，日常活動多為家務勞動，下列敘述何者最不適當？",17,114,3,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":39,"year":60,"session":10},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-061","接受根除性腎臟切除術之病人，術後 24～48 小時需監測有無腎上腺功能不足之症狀，下列何者錯誤？",106,"2026-09-04",1788510734606]