[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":62},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-010":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":32,"lastmod":61},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-111-1-內外科護理學-010","nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-010",111,1,10,"有關肝硬化引起腹水機轉之敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"微血管靜力壓下降","血清白蛋白下降","血漿膠體滲透壓上升","有效循環血量上升","B",null,[],"本題考點是肝硬化腹水形成的機轉,核心在血漿膠體滲透壓下降。依史達林力學(Starling forces),血管內能把水分留住的主要是白蛋白產生的膠體滲透壓;肝硬化時肝臟合成白蛋白能力下降,導致血清白蛋白降低、血漿膠體滲透壓下降,水分外滲至腹腔形成腹水,故選 B。A 錯,門脈高壓使微血管『靜力壓上升』而非下降,方向相反。C 錯,膠體滲透壓應是『下降』而非上升。D 錯,大量體液滯留於腹腔與血管外,加上血管擴張,有效循環血量反而『下降』(進而活化 RAAS 加重鈉水滯留)。","腹水三機轉合看:①門脈高壓→微血管靜力壓升高把水推出;②白蛋白↓→膠體滲透壓降低留不住水;③有效循環血量下降→活化 RAAS 與 ADH→鈉水滯留惡性循環。Starling 平衡口訣:靜力壓『推』水出、膠體滲透壓『拉』水回。肝硬化同時把『推力加大、拉力減弱』,故水外漏。臨床可見腹水合併低白蛋白血症與周邊水腫。",[24,27,29,30],{"term":25,"count":26},"肝硬化腹水",3,{"term":28,"count":10},"史達林力學",{"term":15,"count":10},{"term":31,"count":10},"門脈高壓與膠體滲透壓",[33,37,42,47,52,57],{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":36,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-011","有關預防傾倒症候群（Dumping Syndrome）的護理指導，下列何者正確？",11,{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":41},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-027","關於雷諾氏病的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",27,2,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-041","有關良性腫瘤及惡性腫瘤之敘述，下列何者正確？",41,112,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":10},"nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-029","有關疥瘡的治療，下列敘述何者正確？",29,113,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":41},"nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-033","有關預防吸入性肺炎病人之護理措施，下列何者最不適當？",33,114,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":40,"year":60,"session":10},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-027","有關病人接受經皮穿腔冠狀動脈血管成形術（PTCA）處置之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",106,"2026-09-04",1788510734283]