[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":62},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-008":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":61},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-111-1-內外科護理學-008","nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-008",111,1,8,"有關脊髓損傷導致「自主神經反射過度」的敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"常發生於 T6～T12 受傷的病人","走路運動是可能的誘因","出現嚴重的高血壓及搏動性頭痛","心跳加速","C",null,[],"本題考點是脊髓損傷後自主神經反射過度(autonomic dysreflexia)的機轉與表現。依其病生理,好發於 T6 以上高位脊髓損傷者,當損傷平面以下受到有害刺激(最常見為膀胱脹尿、糞便嵌塞)時,交感神經大量放電造成損傷平面以下血管劇烈收縮、血壓驟升,伴隨劇烈搏動性頭痛,故選 C。A 錯,好發部位是 T6 以上而非 T6～T12。B 錯,常見誘因是膀胱膨脹、便秘等內臟刺激而非走路運動。D 錯,血壓驟升會經壓力感受器反射引起代償性『心跳變慢(心搏過緩)』,而非心跳加速。","機轉串連:T6 以上損傷→內臟有害刺激(脹尿\u002F宿便\u002F壓瘡)→交感放電、平面以下血管收縮、血壓爆衝→頸動脈壓力感受器偵測到高血壓→迷走反射代償性心搏過緩,同時平面以上出現臉部潮紅、鼻塞、冒汗、頭痛。這是高位截癱的急症。緊急處置口訣:坐起降腦壓、找刺激源(先導尿、再通便)。之所以卡在 T6,是因為內臟大神經(splanchnic)交感輸出約在 T6 以上不受高位中樞抑制。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"自主神經反射過度",2,{"term":28,"count":26},"T6 以上脊髓損傷",{"term":30,"count":10},"膀胱膨脹誘因",{"term":32,"count":10},"搏動性頭痛與代償性心搏過緩",[34,38,42,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-009","有關腸阻塞的臨床表徵，下列何者正確？①嘔吐 ②腹脹 ③腹部絞痛 ④腹瀉",9,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":9,"session":26},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-025","有關扁桃腺炎的處置，下列何者錯誤？",25,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-039","有關癌症分期系統類型之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",39,112,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":10},"nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-027","葉女士手部遭魚刺刺傷，出現局部發紅、化膿的炎症反應，診斷為蜂窩性組織炎，下列護理措施何者正確？",27,113,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":26},"nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-031","有關類風溼性關節炎復健治療之敘述，下列何者正確？",31,114,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":41,"year":60,"session":10},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-025","有關心包膜填塞手術治療後之護理措施，下列何者最不需要？",106,"2026-09-04",1788510734272]