[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":62},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-003":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":61},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-111-1-內外科護理學-003","nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-003",111,1,3,"有關腰椎椎間盤突出的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"俗稱為「下背疼痛」，此種疼痛會向下延伸至臀部、大腿後側及小腿","進行直舉腿試驗（straight leg raising test）可伸展到 90 度","進行 Kernig sign 試驗，病人將小腿往上伸展會覺得有阻力且感到劇烈疼痛","病人咳嗽、提重物、彎腰、長時間站立或坐著都會使疼痛加劇","B",null,[],"本題考點在於腰椎椎間盤突出的典型表現與神經根張力測試。依直舉腿試驗(SLR)的原理,平躺伸直患肢抬高時會牽扯坐骨神經與受壓的神經根,椎間盤突出者通常在抬高 30～70 度即誘發放射痛,無法順利抬到 90 度;選項 B 稱「可伸展到 90 度」與此機轉相反,屬於錯誤敘述,故選 B。A 正確,腰椎間盤突出即俗稱下背痛,壓迫神經根會沿臀部、大腿後側往小腿放射(坐骨神經走向)。C 敘述屈膝伸小腿誘發阻力與疼痛,符合神經根受牽張的表現。D 正確,咳嗽、提重物、彎腰與久站久坐都會升高椎間盤內壓或牽張神經根而加重疼痛。","SLR 陽性判讀重點是「角度」:正常人可抬近 90 度且僅感後側緊繃,神經根受壓者在 30～70 度即出現放射至膝下的痛,超過 70 度多屬肌肉緊繃而非神經根性。可對比 Kernig sign(屈髖再伸膝誘痛)與腦膜刺激徵的區別。記憶:椎間盤突出=神經根張力痛,凡是升高腹內壓\u002F椎管壓的動作(咳嗽、Valsalva、彎腰負重)都加劇,平躺屈膝可減壓緩解。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"腰椎椎間盤突出",2,{"term":28,"count":10},"直舉腿試驗 SLR",{"term":30,"count":10},"坐骨神經放射痛",{"term":32,"count":10},"神經根張力測試",[34,38,42,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-004","「走失」是阿茲海默氏症（Alzheimer’s Disease）病人，那一期重要臨床表徵？",4,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":9,"session":26},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-020","有關上石膏病人的護理指導，下列何者錯誤？",20,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-034","有關非何杰金氏淋巴瘤預後不佳的因素，下列何者正確？①年齡小於 50 歲 ②身體功能狀態不佳 ③淋巴結外侵犯 ④血紅素值小於 12 g\u002FdL",34,112,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":10},"nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-022","有關癌細胞轉移之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",22,113,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":26},"nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-026","承上題，有關王先生的護理與處置，下列何者正確？",26,114,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":41,"year":60,"session":10},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-020","左股骨粗隆骨折之病人，手術治療後，左大腿肌肉強度為 2 分，此時提供患側之運動訓練型式，下列何者最適宜？",106,"2026-09-04",1788510734225]