[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-fundamental-nursing-062":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"基本護理學與護理行政","fundamental-nursing","基本護理學(包括護理原理、護理技術)與護理行政",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":26},"nurse-111-1-基本護理學與護理行政-062","nurse-111-1-fundamental-nursing-062",111,1,62,"強調「團體價值觀與文化、員工參與式決策」，屬於下列何種管理理論？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"權變理論","Z 理論","系統理論","管理者角色理論","B",null,[],"本題考點在於管理理論的核心特徵配對。強調「團體價值觀與文化、員工參與式決策、長期僱用與集體責任」是大內(William Ouchi)提出的 Z 理論,融合美式與日式管理精神,重視信任、整體關懷與共識決策,故選 B。A 權變理論主張管理無放諸四海皆準的最佳方式,須視情境(如環境、技術、人員)而調整,重點在情境適配而非文化參與;C 系統理論把組織視為投入—轉換—產出與環境互動的整體,強調次系統整合,非以文化與參與決策為主軸;D 管理者角色理論(Mintzberg)描述管理者扮演的角色類別,與組織文化參與無直接關係。故以文化與參與式決策為特徵者為 Z 理論。","Z 理論(Ouchi)關鍵字:長期僱用、集體決策、集體責任、緩慢升遷、全面關懷員工、共同價值觀。它把日本企業的信任與團隊文化引入美式管理。記憶對比:X 理論(人性本惰,需嚴管)、Y 理論(人性向上,可自我實現)、Z 理論(組織文化與參與共識)。此題陷阱是權變與系統理論也常談「彈性」與「整體」,但唯有 Z 理論直接強調文化與參與式決策。延伸連結組織文化塑造、賦能(empowerment)與共享治理(shared governance)在護理管理的應用。",[25,27,29,31],{"term":16,"count":26},2,{"term":28,"count":11},"大內 Ouchi",{"term":30,"count":11},"參與式決策與組織文化",{"term":32,"count":11},"X\u002FY 理論對比",[34,38,42,47,52,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-fundamental-nursing-063","病人發生非預期死亡或非自然病程中永久性功能喪失，屬於下列何種異常事件？",63,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":26},"nurse-111-2-fundamental-nursing-079","護理師平時表現不錯，於年終考核期間，與護理長在新進人員教學方法上意見相左，產生爭執，因而考核得到乙等。屬於下列何種績效考核偏誤？",79,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":26},"nurse-112-2-fundamental-nursing-013","有關護理過程的特點，下列敘述何者錯誤？",13,112,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":26},"nurse-113-2-fundamental-nursing-031","適當的飲食原則為均衡地攝取六大類食物，下列敘述何者錯誤？",31,113,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":57},"nurse-114-3-fundamental-nursing-035","有關疑似感染阿米巴痢疾病人的糞便檢體蒐集，下列敘述何者最適當？",35,114,3,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":41,"year":61,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-fundamental-nursing-079","每種績效考核方式有其優缺點，護理長若選用檢查表法，下列那個情況不適用？",106,"2026-09-04",1788510734017]