[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-fundamental-nursing-055":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":63},"基本護理學與護理行政","fundamental-nursing","基本護理學(包括護理原理、護理技術)與護理行政",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-111-1-基本護理學與護理行政-055","nurse-111-1-fundamental-nursing-055",111,1,55,"有關屍僵的敘述，下列何者正確？①屍僵通常在死亡後 6～8 小時發生 ②屍僵乃因血液凝固而引起 ③小肌肉較大肌肉先發生屍僵 ④屍僵發生多由頭頸部開始",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"①③","②④","①②","③④","D",null,[],"本題考點在於死後身體變化中屍僵(rigor mortis)的發生機轉與順序。依生化機轉,死亡後 ATP 停止合成,肌動蛋白與肌凝蛋白無法解離而使肌肉僵硬,並非血液凝固所致,故②錯。屍僵發生順序由不隨意肌與小肌肉先開始,循頭頸、軀幹向四肢延伸,故③小肌肉先僵、④由頭頸部開始皆正確,選 D(③④)。①敘述屍僵在死亡後 6~8 小時發生,時序偏晚,一般 2~4 小時開始、約 12 小時達高峰,故①不夠精確;②誤指血液凝固,概念錯誤。因此正確組合為③④。","屍僵本質是缺乏 ATP 導致橫橋(cross-bridge)鎖死。記憶口訣「小先大後、頭到腳」:眼瞼、下顎等小肌肉最先出現僵硬,再擴及四肢大肌肉;約 24~48 小時後隨自體溶解(autolysis)而消退。要與屍斑(livor mortis,血液沉積)、屍冷(algor mortis,體溫下降)區分,三者常一起入題。此題陷阱在①的時間點:多數教科書採 2~4 小時起始,故將「6~8 小時」視為不正確描述。延伸連結遺體護理時機——宜在屍僵形成前完成擺位與整理。",[25,27,29,31],{"term":26,"count":11},"屍僵機轉 ATP 缺乏",{"term":28,"count":11},"屍僵發生順序頭頸先",{"term":30,"count":11},"小肌肉先僵硬",{"term":32,"count":11},"死後身體變化",[34,38,43,48,53,59],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-fundamental-nursing-056","張先生，60 歲，昏迷前未簽署「不施行心肺復甦術同意書」，依據安寧緩和醫療條例可請最近親屬簽署，下列何者不是最近親屬？",56,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":42},"nurse-111-2-fundamental-nursing-072","下列那一種圖最適合用於分析問題發生的原因？",72,2,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":42},"nurse-112-2-fundamental-nursing-006","林先生：「我堂堂一個大將軍，小輩休想叫我吃藥」。護理師：「將軍伯伯不要這樣，您看我這麼認真照顧您，拜託您把嘴巴張開，啊……」。依據伯恩（Berne）溝通模式，稱為發訊者與收訊者之何種溝通形式？",6,112,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":42},"nurse-113-2-fundamental-nursing-024","長期服用毛地黃的病人，胸悶覺得全身無力到急診求治，護理師進行心跳評估，下列敘述何者錯誤？",24,113,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":58},"nurse-114-3-fundamental-nursing-028","有關營養評估的生化檢驗指標，下列敘述何者最不適當？",28,114,3,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":41,"year":62,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-fundamental-nursing-072","突然大量的傷患湧入急診室，你是急診室護理長，下列處理何者適當？",106,"2026-09-04",1788510733951]