[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-080":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-111-1-基礎醫學-080","nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-080",111,1,80,"宿主細胞的何種機轉必為病毒所用？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"RNA 剪接（RNA splicing）","轉錄（transcription）","轉譯（translation）","轉導（transduction）","C",null,[],"本題考點在於病毒對宿主細胞機制的絕對依賴項目。病毒缺乏自身的核糖體與蛋白質合成系統，無論DNA或RNA病毒，其病毒蛋白的製造「必」須借用宿主的核糖體進行轉譯（translation，C），這是所有病毒共通且不可繞過的依賴，故C為本題答案。轉錄（B）與RNA剪接（A）並非所有病毒都依賴宿主：許多RNA病毒自帶RNA聚合酶在細胞質完成轉錄、不需宿主剪接系統。轉導（D，transduction）是噬菌體攜帶細菌基因的現象，非宿主固有機轉。故所有病毒都必用者為轉譯。","病毒是絕對胞內寄生的能量與轉譯寄生體——最關鍵的短板是沒有核糖體，故必奪用宿主轉譯機制。轉錄方面各病毒策略不同：痘病毒、負股RNA病毒自帶聚合酶；反轉錄病毒還自帶反轉錄酶。RNA剪接僅核內複製、有內含子的病毒（如部分DNA病毒、HIV）才用到。轉導是基因水平轉移概念，屬干擾。記憶主軸：『病毒可以自帶抄寫工具，但永遠借別人的翻譯機』。",[25,28,30,32,34],{"term":26,"count":27},"宿主核糖體",2,{"term":29,"count":27},"絕對胞內寄生",{"term":31,"count":11},"病毒複製",{"term":33,"count":11},"轉譯",{"term":35,"count":11},"轉錄與剪接差異",[37,40,45,50,55,60],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":11,"year":10,"session":27},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-001","下列何種胃腺細胞，其分泌物質與大腸杯狀細胞所分泌的相似？",{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-047","下列何種病毒感染與鼻咽癌的形成最有關？",47,112,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":49},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-041","下列那一種細胞是人類血液中數量最多的吞噬細胞？",41,3,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":11},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-039","下列有關doxorubicin的描述，何者錯誤？",39,114,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":27},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-043","下列有關病毒感染所引起的免疫防禦機制，何者錯誤？",43,115,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":11},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-027","正常的心動週期（cardiac cycle）中，動作電位會在何處有延遲傳遞的現象？",27,107,"2026-09-04",1788510733416]