[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-074":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":66},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-111-1-基礎醫學-074","nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-074",111,1,74,"下列關於痘病毒（poxvirus）的敘述，何者錯誤？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"天花病毒（Smallpox Virus）雖然目前在自然界已經絕跡，但仍有被使用作為生化武器之風險","天花病毒與傳染性軟疣病毒（Molluscum Contagiosum Virus）都只會感染人類","痘病毒是 DNA 病毒，所以病毒的複製是在細胞核內進行","很多動物痘病毒與天花病毒具有共通的抗原性，所以可以用動物痘病毒來製備天花病毒疫苗","C",null,[],"本題考點在於痘病毒的複製部位與生物學特性。多數DNA病毒在細胞核內複製，但痘病毒是重要例外：其攜帶自身的DNA依賴型RNA聚合酶等複製酶，可完全在「細胞質」內完成複製，故C敘述「在細胞核內進行」錯誤，為本題答案。A正確：天花雖已根除但被列為潛在生物戰劑而受管制。B正確：天花病毒與傳染性軟疣病毒的自然宿主僅限人類。D正確：牛痘等動物痘病毒與天花具交叉抗原性，歷史上正是以牛痘（vaccinia）製備天花疫苗，「vaccine」一詞即源於此。故唯一與病毒學事實不符者為C。","痘病毒是體積最大的動物病毒，屬雙股DNA病毒卻在細胞質複製，這是考試最愛的例外題。可與另一個例外對照：反轉錄病毒與正黏液病毒（流感）雖為RNA病毒卻需進入細胞核。記憶口訣『痘在漿、皰在核』——痘病毒細胞質複製，多數疱疹\u002F腺病毒等DNA病毒核內複製。牛痘製苗的交叉免疫概念也是疫苗學開端（Jenner）。",[25,27,29,31,33],{"term":26,"count":11},"痘病毒",{"term":28,"count":11},"細胞質複製",{"term":30,"count":11},"DNA病毒例外",{"term":32,"count":11},"牛痘疫苗",{"term":34,"count":11},"交叉抗原性",[36,40,45,50,55,61],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-075","下列那一種細菌與引起非典型肺炎（atypical pneumonia）較為無關？",75,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-041","有關細菌內毒素（endotoxin）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",41,112,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":49},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-035","非類固醇抗發炎藥物（NSAIDs）可以抑制下列何種酵素之活性，減少前列腺素生成，而產生解熱、鎮痛，以及抗發炎效果？",35,3,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":11},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-033","使用局部麻醉劑時常與腎上腺素合用，其目的為何？",33,114,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":60},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-037","下列抗心律不整藥物中，何者於臨床上亦可作為局部麻醉劑使用？",37,115,2,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":11},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-021","副交感神經分泌何種神經傳導物質，會刺激淚腺大量分泌淚液？",21,107,"2026-09-04",1788510733354]