[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-067":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-111-1-基礎醫學-067","nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-067",111,1,67,"下列對於滅菌作用機制的描述，何者正確？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"酒精的殺菌作用是破壞細胞膜","紫外線的殺菌作用是破壞細胞膜","戊二醛（glutaraldehyde）的殺菌作用是破壞核酸","石碳酸化合物（例如 Lysol）的殺菌作用是阻礙核酸合成","A",null,[],"本題考點為各種滅菌／消毒劑的作用機制，須選正確者。酒精（alcohol）的殺菌作用是使蛋白質變性並破壞細胞膜（溶解脂質），故 A 正確，選 A。B 錯誤，紫外線的殺菌機制是破壞核酸（DNA），使胸腺嘧啶形成雙合體（thymine dimer）阻礙複製，而非破壞細胞膜。C 錯誤，戊二醛（glutaraldehyde）的作用是使蛋白質交聯（烷化蛋白質與核酸），主要以蛋白質變性\u002F交聯為主而非單純破壞核酸。D 錯誤，石碳酸類（phenolics，如 Lysol）的作用是破壞細胞膜與使蛋白質變性，而非阻礙核酸合成。故正解為 A。","作用機制對照：破壞細胞膜／使蛋白變性—酒精、酚類（phenol\u002FLysol）、四級銨鹽（界面活性劑）；破壞核酸—紫外線（thymine dimer）、電離輻射；蛋白質與核酸交聯烷化—glutaraldehyde、formaldehyde、環氧乙烷（EO gas）；氧化破壞—過氧化氫、次氯酸鹽（漂白水）、碘。記憶：酒精最佳濃度約 70%（過純反而蒸發太快、滲透不足）。UV 只能表面消毒、穿透力差。用機制歸類法快速排除三個錯項。",[25,27,29,31],{"term":26,"count":11},"消毒滅菌機制",{"term":28,"count":11},"酒精破壞細胞膜與蛋白變性",{"term":30,"count":11},"紫外線破壞核酸",{"term":32,"count":11},"戊二醛\u002F酚類機制",[34,38,43,48,53,59],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-068","利用黏試紙（scotch tape test）黏取肛門周邊之蟲卵是用於下列那一種寄生蟲診斷？",68,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-034","甲、乙、丙三種藥物作用在相同受體，其濃度與藥理作用曲線圖如下，下列敘述何者正確？",34,112,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":47},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-028","下列何者是兒童最常見的白血病？",28,3,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":11},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-026","下列何者是何杰金氏淋巴瘤（Hodgkin lymphoma）的腫瘤細胞？",26,114,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":58},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-030","有關發生在骨頭之轉移性腫瘤（metastatic tumors），下列敘述何者錯誤？",30,115,2,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":11},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-014","有關肝圓韌帶的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",14,107,"2026-09-04",1788510733281]