[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-062":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-111-1-基礎醫學-062","nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-062",111,1,62,"關於礦物皮質類固醇（mineralocorticoid）的生理及藥理作用，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"促進鈉離子的再吸收","促進氯離子的再吸收","促進鉀離子的再吸收","促進水的再吸收","C",null,[],"本題考點為礦物皮質類固醇（mineralocorticoid，如 aldosterone）的作用，須選錯誤者。醛固酮作用於腎遠曲小管與集尿管，促進鈉離子再吸收（A）、伴隨氯離子與水的再吸收（B、D），同時促進鉀離子『排泄』而非再吸收，因此 C 說『促進鉀離子再吸收』錯誤，選 C。醛固酮的核心是『保鈉排鉀』，鈉水滯留而鉀與氫離子排出，故 A、B、D 皆正確，唯 C 方向相反。","腎機轉：Aldosterone 結合遠端腎小管上皮的礦物皮質受體，增加頂膜 ENaC 鈉通道與基底膜 Na-K-ATP 酶表現，鈉被重吸收、產生管腔負電位，驅動鉀與氫離子分泌到管腔排出。結果：鈉水滯留（升血壓、升血量）、低血鉀、代謝性鹼中毒。過量見於原發性醛固酮增多症（Conn 症候群）→ 高血壓＋低血鉀。拮抗劑 spironolactone 為保鉀利尿劑。記憶口訣：『保鈉、保水、排鉀排氫』。",[25,27,29,31],{"term":26,"count":11},"礦物皮質類固醇\u002F醛固酮",{"term":28,"count":11},"保鈉排鉀",{"term":30,"count":11},"遠端腎小管 ENaC",{"term":32,"count":11},"水鈉滯留",[34,38,43,48,53,59],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-063","下列何者可藉由中和 interleukin-1（IL-1），阻斷 IL-1 受體活化所導致的關節發炎疾病？",63,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-029","關於多囊性卵巢症候群（Polycystic ovarian syndrome）之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",29,112,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":47},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-023","下列那一種疾病最常發生非化膿性增殖性滑液膜炎（proliferative synovitis）？",23,3,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":11},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-021","有關急性發炎反應（acute inflammation）的敘述，下列何者正確？",21,114,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":58},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-025","有關鼻咽癌（nasopharyngeal carcinoma）的敘述，下列何者正確？",25,115,2,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":11},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-009","主動脈體透過下列何者傳遞血液中 O 2 含量變化的訊息？",9,107,"2026-09-04",1788510733239]