[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-054":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-111-1-基礎醫學-054","nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-054",111,1,54,"藥物在肝臟代謝的第一期（phase I）反應，不包括下列何者？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"氧化（oxidation）","水解（hydrolysis）","結合作用（conjugation）","羥化（hydroxylation）","C",null,[],"本題考點為肝臟藥物代謝第一期（phase I）反應的種類。第一期反應主要是把藥物『功能化』，包括氧化（oxidation）、還原（reduction）、水解（hydrolysis）等，常由 CYP450 酵素催化，使分子露出或加上極性官能基。結合作用（conjugation，如與葡萄糖醛酸、硫酸、甘胺酸結合）屬第二期（phase II）反應，目的是提高水溶性以利排除，故不屬第一期，選 C。A 氧化、B 水解、D 羥化（屬氧化的一種）皆為第一期反應。故關鍵在辨識 conjugation 為第二期。","代謝兩期對比：Phase I（功能化）＝oxidation\u002Freduction\u002Fhydrolysis，多由 CYP450 進行，常使藥物代謝為較具極性、有時仍具活性甚至產生毒性中間物的產物；Phase II（結合）＝glucuronidation、sulfation、acetylation、glutathione\u002Fglycine conjugation，把大且極性的基團接上，形成水溶性高、易由膽或尿排出的產物。記憶：『先做功能化（I），再打包排出（II）』。羥化是氧化的常見形式，因此仍屬第一期。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"肝臟藥物代謝",2,{"term":29,"count":11},"第一期反應(氧化\u002F還原\u002F水解)",{"term":31,"count":11},"CYP450",{"term":33,"count":11},"結合作用屬第二期",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-055","Buspirone 治療慢性泛焦慮症，主要透過下列何種受體？",55,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-021","一位 46 歲肝硬化患者，最近 3 個月逐漸出現下肢水腫和大量腹水，下列何者與此病人之下肢水腫原因的關係最小？",21,112,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":48},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-015","下列何者為副交感（parasympathetic）神經興奮所引起之反應？",15,3,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":11},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-013","下列有關成人腰椎（lumbar vertebrae）的敘述，何者正確？",13,114,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":27},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-017","下列何者不是造成男性不孕症的原因？",17,115,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":11,"year":62,"session":11},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-001","下列有關皮膚表皮的敘述，何者正確？",107,"2026-09-04",1788510733169]