[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-048":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-111-1-基礎醫學-048","nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-048",111,1,48,"下列何者是病理性骨折（pathological fracture）？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"因車禍，只有骨頭折斷，周圍的軟組織未受傷；病理切片檢查並無發現任何潛在病兆","運動員因長期的活動而造成反覆的骨頭外傷","因軍人長期行軍造成的趾骨骨折","因潛在疾病造成的骨折，如轉移性腫瘤、惡性腫瘤等","D",null,[],"本題考點為病理性骨折（pathological fracture）的定義。病理性骨折指骨骼因潛在疾病使結構弱化，在正常或輕微外力下即斷裂，常見原因為轉移性腫瘤、惡性腫瘤、骨質疏鬆、骨囊腫等，因此 D 描述「因潛在疾病造成的骨折」正符定義，選 D。A 為單純外傷性骨折，切片無潛在病兆，屬正常骨受暴力所致，非病理性。B 與 C 描述的是反覆應力造成的疲勞性（壓力性）骨折 stress fracture，屬長期微小創傷累積，骨骼本身無病灶，也不歸為病理性骨折。故唯有 D 符合「潛在病灶使骨脆弱」的核心。","分類釐清：外傷性骨折＝正常骨＋超過負荷的暴力；疲勞（壓力）性骨折＝正常骨＋反覆亞閾值應力（行軍骨折、運動員蹠骨\u002F脛骨常見）；病理性骨折＝異常（弱化）骨＋輕微或正常外力。臨床上老年人髖部脆弱性骨折、多發性骨髓瘤或乳癌\u002F攝護腺癌骨轉移導致的骨折，都屬病理性。辨題關鍵字：「潛在疾病」「腫瘤」「輕微外力即斷」指向病理性；「長期反覆」「行軍」指向壓力性。",[25,27,29,31],{"term":26,"count":11},"病理性骨折定義",{"term":28,"count":11},"轉移性\u002F惡性腫瘤",{"term":30,"count":11},"壓力性(疲勞性)骨折",{"term":32,"count":11},"外傷性骨折",[34,38,43,48,53,59],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-049","Dobutamine 可用於增加急性鬱血性心臟衰竭（congestive heart failure）病人的心輸出量（cardiac output），其作用主要是透過活化下列何種受體而產生？",49,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-015","作夢通常發生於那一個睡眠階段？",15,112,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":47},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-009","下列何者連接第三腦室與第四腦室？",9,3,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":11},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-007","在胎兒時期，下列那個構造可與右心房直接相通？",7,114,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":58},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-011","泛素（ubiquitin）最主要的功能為何？",11,115,2,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":58},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-075","目前那一型肝炎，可使用疫苗有效預防嬰兒被母親感染肝炎？",75,106,"2026-09-04",1788510733107]