[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-047":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-111-1-基礎醫學-047","nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-047",111,1,47,"下列何者不是引起快速進行（新月形）腎小球腎炎[Rapidly progressive （crescentic） glomerulonephritis] 的原因？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"Goodpasture’s 症候群","全身性紅斑性狼瘡","鏈球菌感染後腎小球腎炎（Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis）","非類固醇抗消炎藥（Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug, NSAID）引起之腎病變","D",null,[],"本題考點為快速進行性（新月形）腎小球腎炎（RPGN／crescentic GN）的病因分類，須選「非其病因」者。RPGN 病理特徵是鮑氏囊內新月體形成，病因分三類：抗腎絲球基底膜抗體型（如 Goodpasture 症候群，A）、免疫複合體型（如 SLE 腎炎 B、鏈球菌感染後腎炎 C）、寡免疫型（ANCA 相關血管炎）。NSAID 引起的腎病變主要是間質性腎炎或微小病變型腎病症候群、以及血流動力學造成的急性腎損傷，並非新月形腎絲球腎炎的病因，故選 D。A、B、C 皆為典型可導致新月體的疾病。","分類記憶：RPGN Type I＝anti-GBM（Goodpasture，線狀 IgG 沉積，肺腎症候群咳血＋血尿）；Type II＝免疫複合體（SLE、IgA 腎病、post-strep GN，顆粒狀沉積）；Type III＝pauci-immune／ANCA 相關（GPA、MPA）。共同終點是新月體（增生的壁層上皮細胞＋單核球＋纖維蛋白）壓迫腎絲球，數週內腎功能急遽惡化。NSAID 抑制前列腺素導致入球小動脈收縮、腎血流下降，典型腎損傷是急性間質性腎炎與 minimal change，機轉與新月體無關。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"快速進行性腎絲球腎炎",2,{"term":29,"count":11},"新月體形成",{"term":31,"count":11},"抗腎絲球基底膜抗體",{"term":33,"count":11},"NSAID 腎病變",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-048","下列何者是病理性骨折（pathological fracture）？",48,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-014","骨骼肌（skeletal muscle）的收縮過程中，鈣離子是與下列何者結合？",14,112,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":48},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-008","胃壁之肌肉層依其走向由內而外之排列為何？",8,3,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":11},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-006","特定微血管區段之微血管靜水壓（capillary hydrostatic pressure）為24 mmHg、組織間隙靜水壓（interstitial hydrostatic pressure）為0 mmHg、微血管滲透壓（capillary colloid osmotic pressure）為12 mmHg、組織間隙滲透壓（interstitial colloid osmotic pressure）為2 mmHg，則該處微血管液流動形式及總驅動力（net filtration pressure）分別為何？",6,114,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":27},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-010","當肱骨骨折使手腕無法伸展，導致垂腕，最可能是傷到何神經？",10,115,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":27},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-074","白色念珠菌（C. albicans）為正常菌群，但若在下列何處發現時，表示已受感染？",74,106,"2026-09-04",1788510733095]