[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-041":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-111-1-基礎醫學-041","nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-041",111,1,41,"下列何種腦瘤最常見於小於 5 歲兒童的小腦？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"寡突細胞瘤（oligodendroglioma）","室管細胞瘤（ependymoma）","髓母細胞瘤（medulloblastoma）","腦膜瘤（meningioma）","C",null,[],"本題考點在於好發於 5 歲以下兒童小腦的腦瘤。髓母細胞瘤(medulloblastoma)是兒童最常見的惡性腦瘤之一,典型好發於小腦(尤其小腦蚓部),多見於幼童,惡性度高且易沿腦脊髓液播散,故選 C。A 寡突細胞瘤好發於成人大腦,非兒童小腦腫瘤。B 室管細胞瘤雖也見於兒童、可長在第四腦室附近,但小腦部位的兒童惡性代表仍以髓母細胞瘤為主。D 腦膜瘤源自腦膜,好發於成人,尤其中年女性。故兒童小腦腦瘤正解為 C。","髓母細胞瘤屬胚胎性腫瘤(PNET 家族),源自小腦的原始神經外胚層細胞,組織學可見小圓藍細胞與 Homer-Wright 玫瑰花環。因鄰近第四腦室,常阻塞腦脊髓液流動造成水腦與顱內壓上升(頭痛、嘔吐、步態不穩)。易經腦脊髓液種植轉移,治療須手術加全腦全脊髓放療與化療。兒童後顱窩腫瘤好發部位對照:髓母細胞瘤(小腦蚓部,惡性)、毛細胞星狀細胞瘤(小腦半球,良性、預後最佳)、室管細胞瘤(第四腦室),是小兒神經腫瘤高頻考點。",[25,27,29,31],{"term":26,"count":11},"髓母細胞瘤 medulloblastoma",{"term":28,"count":11},"兒童小腦腦瘤",{"term":30,"count":11},"胚胎性腫瘤",{"term":32,"count":11},"後顱窩腫瘤",[34,38,43,48,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-042","肝臟因為慢性右側心臟衰竭發生嚴重充血現象時，肝小葉中心區域出現出血性壞死，稱為：",42,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-008","正常情形下，卵子從卵巢排出後，通常在輸卵管的那一部分受精？",8,112,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":47},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-002","下列那一種胞器負責分類、包裝並運送蛋白質與脂質？",2,3,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":47},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-050","下列關於叢林型斑疹傷寒（scrub typhus）的敘述何者錯誤？",50,113,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":46},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-004","血漿（plasma）中下列何種蛋白質的含量降低時，會造成組織水腫（edema）？",4,115,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":46},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-068","人類血型為 A 型，其血中抗體為：",68,106,"2026-09-04",1788510733032]