[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-039":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-111-1-基礎醫學-039","nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-039",111,1,39,"下列那一種腎臟腫瘤主要常見於 10 歲以下的小孩？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"亮細胞癌（clear cell carcinoma）","威爾斯氏瘤（Wilms tumor）","嫌色腎細胞癌（chromophobe renal cell carcinoma）","乳突狀腎細胞癌（papillary renal cell carcinoma）","B",null,[],"本題考點在於好發於 10 歲以下兒童的腎臟腫瘤。威爾斯氏瘤(Wilms tumor,腎母細胞瘤)是兒童最常見的腎臟惡性腫瘤,好發於約 2–5 歲幼童,源自未成熟的腎胚芽組織,故選 B。A 亮細胞癌(清亮細胞腎細胞癌)是成人最常見的腎細胞癌型別,好發於中老年。C 嫌色腎細胞癌與 D 乳突狀腎細胞癌同屬成人腎細胞癌的亞型,均非兒童常見。腎母細胞瘤才是兒童腎腫瘤代表,故正解為 B。","威爾斯氏瘤源自後腎胚芽(metanephric blastema),組織學典型呈「三相型」——胚芽、上皮、間質三種成分並存。常表現為無症狀腹部腫塊,可伴血尿、高血壓。與 WT1 基因異常相關,可合併於 WAGR 症候群(Wilms tumor、無虹膜、泌尿生殖異常、智能不足)與 Beckwith-Wiedemann 症候群。因對化療與手術反應良好,是兒童實體癌治療成效佳的代表。對照成人腎細胞癌(以清亮細胞型最多,好發吸菸、肥胖中老年,可有血尿、腰痛、腹部腫塊三聯徵),即掌握「兒童 vs 成人」腎腫瘤的年齡分野。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"腎母細胞瘤",2,{"term":29,"count":27},"後腎胚芽",{"term":31,"count":11},"威爾斯氏瘤 Wilms tumor",{"term":33,"count":11},"兒童腎臟腫瘤",[35,39,44,48,54,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-040","子宮頸癌最可能與何者病毒感染有關？",40,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-006","將導管從頸內靜脈放置到上腔靜脈，過程中導管須穿過那條血管？",6,112,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":27},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-050","下列病毒何者具多片段遺傳物質（segmented genome）？",50,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":53},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-048","單股（＋）strand RNA 病毒在宿主細胞內繁殖的特性為何？",48,113,3,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":27,"year":57,"session":27},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-002","有關真皮（dermis）的敘述，下列何者正確？",115,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":27},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-066","下列分子可與 B7-1\u002FB7-2（CD80\u002FCD86）結合後，抑制 T 細胞活化的為：",66,106,"2026-09-04",1788510733025]