[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-033":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-111-1-基礎醫學-033","nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-033",111,1,33,"細胞壞死（Necrosis）時，最早會出現：",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"細胞核濃縮","細胞核破裂","細胞核溶解","胞膜破裂","A",null,[],"本題考點在於細胞壞死時細胞核形態變化的先後順序。壞死過程中細胞核依序出現核濃縮(pyknosis,染色質凝集變小變濃)→核破裂(karyorrhexis,核碎裂)→核溶解(karyolysis,核逐漸消失),故最早出現的是細胞核濃縮,選 A。B 核破裂是濃縮之後的階段,非最早。C 核溶解是最後階段,核完全瓦解。D 胞膜破裂雖是壞死釋放內容物引發發炎的特徵,但題問「核的最早變化」,且核濃縮先於典型描述的核變化次序,故正解為 A。","細胞核壞死三部曲記憶:「濃(pyknosis)→裂(karyorrhexis)→溶(karyolysis)」。壞死是被動、病理性細胞死亡,伴隨細胞腫脹、胞器崩解、胞膜破裂、內容物外漏引發周圍發炎反應。對比細胞凋亡(apoptosis)為主動、程序性死亡,細胞皺縮、形成凋亡小體、被吞噬而不引發發炎,DNA 呈規則性梯狀斷裂。兩者機轉與後果截然不同,是病理學高頻對照考點:壞死=意外傷亡有發炎,凋亡=計畫性自殺無發炎。",[25,27,29,31],{"term":26,"count":11},"細胞壞死 necrosis",{"term":28,"count":11},"核濃縮 pyknosis",{"term":30,"count":11},"核破裂\u002F核溶解",{"term":32,"count":11},"凋亡對比",[34,38,43,48,54,59],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-034","下列何者最不代表惡性細胞的病理特徵？",34,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":42},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-050","生食野生動物的內臟較易感染下列何種絛蟲？",50,2,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":42},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-044","下列何種原因會造成器官移植的超急性排斥（hyperacute rejection）？",44,112,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":53},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-042","下列那一種補體分子促進肥大細胞（mast cell）分化效果最佳？",42,113,3,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-046","有關貓抓熱（cat-scratch disease）的敘述，下列何者最適當？",46,115,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":42},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-060","有關 paclitaxel 的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",60,106,"2026-09-04",1788510732974]