[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-028":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-111-1-基礎醫學-028","nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-028",111,1,28,"下列有關色盲（color blindness）的敘述，何者正確？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"發生於女性的機率遠高於男性","是與 Y 染色體相關的顯性性狀","主要肇因於產生太多種錐狀細胞（cone cells）","主要肇因於視蛋白（opsins）的種類過少","D",null,[],"本題考點在於色盲的遺傳與病理機轉。常見的紅綠色盲肇因於視錐細胞內感光的視蛋白(opsins)基因缺陷,使可辨色的錐狀細胞光色素種類減少,故 D「主要肇因於視蛋白種類過少」正確,為正解。A 錯誤,紅綠色盲基因位於 X 染色體,男性只有一條 X 故發生率遠高於女性,而非女性高於男性。B 錯誤,色盲是 X 染色體「隱性」遺傳,而非與 Y 相關的顯性性狀。C 錯誤,病因是視蛋白種類不足導致辨色力下降,而非「產生太多種錐狀細胞」。故答案為 D。","正常人有三種視錐細胞:L(紅\u002F長波)、M(綠\u002F中波)、S(藍\u002F短波),各含不同 opsin。L 與 M 的 opsin 基因位於 X 染色體,故紅綠色盲屬 X 連鎖隱性;男性(XY)一個缺陷基因即表現,女性(XX)須兩條 X 都帶才發病,故男性發生率(約 8%)遠高於女性(約 0.5%)。藍色盲(S 錐)基因在第 7 對體染色體,罕見且不分性別。掌握「X 連鎖隱性」與「視蛋白\u002F錐細胞減少」兩要點,四個選項的對錯即一目了然。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"色盲",2,{"term":29,"count":27},"視錐細胞",{"term":31,"count":11},"視蛋白 opsin",{"term":33,"count":11},"X 連鎖隱性遺傳",[35,39,43,48,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-029","下列有關肌節（sarcomere）的明暗帶在肌肉收縮時的敘述，何者正確？",29,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":10,"session":27},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-045","因為 IgG 和可溶性抗原形成免疫複合物（immune complex）造成的過敏反應，屬於那一型過敏反應？",45,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":27},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-039","Leucovorin 常用於降低下列何種抗癌藥物之副作用？",39,112,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":53},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-037","小玉是位有心臟病病史的膀胱癌病人，正在使用化療藥物 cisplatin，因出現嘔吐副作用，此時使用下列何種止吐劑最合適？",37,113,3,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-041","有關革蘭氏陽性細菌的敘述，下列何者正確？",41,115,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":27},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-055","下列何者不是服用 salicylates 所引起的副作用？",55,106,"2026-09-04",1788510732924]