[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-026":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":32,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-111-1-基礎醫學-026","nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-026",111,1,26,"下列有關人體缺血性休克後造成排尿量下降的主要原因，何者最不可能？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"動脈壓下降","腎素分泌下降","出球小動脈收縮","入球小動脈不收縮","B",null,[],"本題考點在於缺血性休克後尿量下降的機轉,要找出「最不可能」的原因。休克時交感神經與腎素-血管收縮素系統(RAAS)被強烈活化,腎素分泌應「增加」以保鈉保水、維持血壓,故 B「腎素分泌下降」與生理反應相反,最不可能,為正解。A 正確,休克時動脈壓下降直接使腎絲球過濾壓降低、尿量減少。C 正確,血管收縮素 II 使出球小動脈收縮以維持過濾壓,屬代償反應。D 敘述入球小動脈不收縮,有助維持腎血流入,亦屬合理代償方向。唯 B 違反休克代償生理,故答案為 B。","低血容性\u002F缺血性休克的腎臟代償:血壓↓→腎灌流↓→近腎絲球器分泌腎素↑→血管收縮素 II 生成↑,選擇性收縮出球小動脈以維持腎絲球過濾壓;同時醛固酮與抗利尿激素上升,增加鈉水再吸收,尿量因而減少以保存體液。這是身體「保命優先」的設計。若休克持續、灌流不足過久,腎小管缺血壞死可惡化為急性腎損傷(ATN)。理解 RAAS 在休克時「上升」是判題關鍵,任何說腎素「下降」的選項都與代償方向牴觸。",[25,27,29,30],{"term":26,"count":11},"缺血性休克",{"term":28,"count":11},"腎素-血管收縮素系統 RAAS",{"term":17,"count":11},{"term":31,"count":11},"腎臟代償",[33,37,42,47,53,58],{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":36,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-027","下列何者不屬於胰臟的外分泌蛋白質？",27,{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":41},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-043","關於第 I 類 MHC 分子呈現經由內源性路徑產生的抗原，下列敘述何者正確？",43,2,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":41},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-037","下列何種藥物是屬於長效型治療氣喘的藥物，但不具有抗發炎作用，無法快速緩解急性氣喘發作？",37,112,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":52},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-035","下列藥物中，何者可減少 angiotensin II 生成，並且使體內 bradykinin 含量增加，因此產生血管舒張作用而降低血壓？",35,113,3,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-039","有關影響內分泌藥物的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",39,115,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":41},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-053","Carbidopa 與 levodopa 併用於巴金森氏症患者之治療，主要是因為 carbidopa 抑制下列何種酶所致？",53,106,"2026-09-04",1788510732898]