[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-020":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-111-1-基礎醫學-020","nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-020",111,1,20,"下列關於摸到滾燙的熱水，手臂會迅速的收回的敘述，何者錯誤？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"此反應是由痛的刺激所引起","此時手臂屈肌收縮","此反應無需大腦下達命令","此反應的神經傳導途徑，無需中間神經元","D",null,[],"本題考點在於屈肌收縮反射(縮回反射)的神經路徑組成,要選出錯誤敘述。此反射屬多突觸反射,痛覺訊號經感覺神經元傳入脊髓後,必須經過中間神經元(interneuron)才能興奮運動神經元使屈肌收縮,故 D「無需中間神經元」錯誤,為正解。A 正確,縮回反射的確由痛(有害)刺激引發。B 正確,手臂縮回是屈肌收縮、伸肌放鬆的結果。C 正確,脊髓反射可在訊號上傳大腦前即完成動作,故「無需大腦下達命令」正確。唯有 D 敘述違反多突觸反射的定義,故答案為 D。","反射弧分兩型:單突觸反射(如膝跳反射,感覺神經元直接接運動神經元,不含中間神經元)與多突觸反射(如屈肌縮回反射,中間有一至多個中間神經元)。縮回反射還伴隨「交叉伸肌反射」——對側肢體伸肌收縮以支撐體重,更需中間神經元協調,故絕非單突觸。臨床可對比:牽張反射(膝反射)是單突觸,傷害縮回是多突觸。反射能先行動作、事後才由痛覺上傳大腦產生「痛」的知覺,說明感覺與反射動作在時序上分離。",[25,27,29,31],{"term":26,"count":11},"屈肌縮回反射",{"term":28,"count":11},"多突觸反射",{"term":30,"count":11},"中間神經元",{"term":32,"count":11},"脊髓反射弧",[34,38,43,48,54,59],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-021","下列何者可協助維生素 D（vitamin D）轉換為骨化三醇（calcitriol）？",21,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":42},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-037","下列何種藥物是藉由周邊作用來抑制咳嗽反射，作為治療咳嗽的藥物？",37,2,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":42},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-031","跨膜 G 蛋白偶合受體（G protein-coupled receptor）中的 Gs 蛋白，主要作用在下列何種酵素？",31,112,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":53},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-029","子宮肌腺症（adenomyosis）典型的表現，下列何者最恰當？",29,113,3,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-033","藥物動力學（pharmacokinetics）探究藥物的範疇，不包括下列那一項？",33,115,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":42},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-047","有關髓芽母細胞瘤（medulloblastoma）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",47,106,"2026-09-04",1788510732844]