[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-018":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":26},"nurse-111-1-基礎醫學-018","nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-018",111,1,18,"肌肉收縮使用無氧呼吸時，主要使用的能量來源為何？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"乳酸","蛋白質","葡萄糖","脂肪","C",null,[],"本題考點在於肌肉無氧代謝時的能量受質。當運動劇烈、氧氣供應不足時,肌肉行無氧呼吸(無氧糖解),把葡萄糖分解為丙酮酸再轉為乳酸,以維持 ATP 生成,故主要能量來源為葡萄糖,選 C。A 乳酸是無氧糖解的產物而非來源,是代謝終點而非燃料。B 蛋白質須先分解為胺基酸,代謝路徑複雜且非急性運動時的即時來源。D 脂肪(脂肪酸)的 β 氧化必須在有氧條件下進行,無氧時無法利用。無氧糖解僅需葡萄糖即可在細胞質產能,故正解為 C。","無氧糖解(glycolysis)在細胞質進行,一分子葡萄糖淨產 2 ATP,並生成乳酸;相較有氧氧化磷酸化每分子葡萄糖可產約 30–32 ATP,無氧路徑效率極低但快速,適合短時間爆發性運動。乳酸經血流送至肝臟,可經 Cori 循環重新糖質新生為葡萄糖,是延伸考點。脂肪酸與胺基酸需進入粒線體行 TCA 循環與電子傳遞鏈,故都依賴氧氣;這也解釋為何「有氧運動」才能有效燃脂,而衝刺主要燒糖。",[25,27,30,31],{"term":17,"count":26},3,{"term":28,"count":29},"無氧糖解",2,{"term":15,"count":11},{"term":32,"count":11},"ATP 生成",[34,38,42,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-019","下列何種胺基酸與甘味（umami）的味覺產生有關？",19,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":29},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-035","下列何者為 Lorsatan 降血壓的作用機制？",35,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":29},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-029","食道腺癌（Esophageal Adenocarcinoma）與下列何者的關係最為密切？",29,112,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":26},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-027","肝硬化（cirrhosis）會造成腹水（ascites）是和下列何種原因有關？",27,113,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":11},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-031","下列何者可治療腹瀉及具有腸道抗菌效果，並可預防旅行腹瀉（traveler’s diarrhea）？",31,115,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":29},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-045","急性腎盂腎炎（acute pyelonephritis）之病因為何？",45,106,"2026-09-04",1788510732823]