[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-004":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-111-1-基礎醫學-004","nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-004",111,1,4,"肺臟內進行氣體交換的呼吸膜（respiratory membrane）構造，主要是由那兩種細胞與結締組織共同構成？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"第一型肺泡細胞（type I alveolar cell）與第二型肺泡細胞（type II alveolar cell）","第一型肺泡細胞（type I alveolar cell）與微血管內皮細胞（endothelial cell）","第二型肺泡細胞（type II alveolar cell）與微血管內皮細胞（endothelial cell）","第二型肺泡細胞（type II alveolar cell）與肺泡內巨噬細胞（alveolar macrophage）","B",null,[],"本題考點為肺泡呼吸膜的組織構造。氣體交換發生的呼吸膜由三層構成：第一型肺泡細胞（扁平、覆蓋大部分肺泡表面、利於氣體擴散）、微血管內皮細胞，以及兩者之間融合的基底膜（結締組織），故選 B。A 第一型加第二型肺泡細胞有誤，因交換不靠第二型。C、D 以第二型肺泡細胞為主體亦錯，第二型細胞的功能是分泌表面張力素（surfactant）而非構成擴散面。呼吸膜極薄以縮短氣體擴散距離，由第一型肺泡細胞與微血管內皮細胞夾著基底膜組成。","肺泡兩型細胞分工要記牢：第一型（type I）——扁平、佔表面積約 95%、負責氣體交換；第二型（type II）——立方形、分泌 surfactant 降低表面張力防肺泡塌陷、並為肺泡修復的幹細胞來源。呼吸膜＝第一型肺泡細胞＋融合基底膜＋微血管內皮細胞，總厚度僅約 0.5 微米，符合 Fick 擴散定律「膜愈薄擴散愈快」。臨床連結：新生兒呼吸窘迫症候群即第二型細胞未成熟、surfactant 不足所致。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"第一型肺泡細胞",2,{"term":29,"count":27},"氣體擴散",{"term":31,"count":11},"呼吸膜構造",{"term":33,"count":11},"微血管內皮細胞",[35,39,43,48,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-005","有關前列腺的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",5,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":10,"session":27},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-021","下列何者不屬於急性風濕熱瓊斯氏標準（Jones criteria）的主要標準（major criteria）？",21,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":27},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-015","有關人類精子的敘述，下列何者正確？",15,112,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":53},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-013","食用含有河豚毒素（tetrodotoxin）的生魚片之後出現肌肉麻痺的現象，此現象為何種通道被阻斷所致？",13,113,3,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-017","下列有關子宮內膜（endometrium）的敘述，何者正確？",17,115,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":27},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-031","在紅血球中，下列何者是催化二氧化碳與水結合形成碳酸最重要的酵素？",31,106,"2026-09-04",1788510732682]