[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-002":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":12},"nurse-111-1-基礎醫學-002","nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-002",111,1,2,"低血鈣主要會刺激那一個內分泌腺體的激素分泌，以增加血鈣濃度？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"下視丘","副甲狀腺","腦下垂體前葉","腦下垂體後葉","B",null,[],"本題考點為血鈣調節的內分泌機轉。當血鈣濃度下降時，主要刺激副甲狀腺分泌副甲狀腺素（PTH），PTH 促進破骨作用釋出鈣、增加腎小管再吸收鈣、並活化維生素 D 以增加腸道鈣吸收，使血鈣回升，故選 B。A 下視丘調控腦下垂體與體溫、飲食等，不直接管血鈣。C 腦下垂體前葉分泌生長激素、促甲狀腺素等，D 後葉分泌抗利尿激素與催產素，皆與血鈣的即時調節無直接關係。血鈣的升降由副甲狀腺素（升鈣）與甲狀腺 C 細胞的降鈣素（降鈣）相拮抗。","血鈣恆定的核心對子：低血鈣→PTH↑（升鈣，作用於骨、腎、腸），高血鈣→降鈣素（calcitonin，由甲狀腺濾泡旁 C 細胞分泌，抑制破骨、降鈣）。PTH 升鈣三路徑：骨（動員鈣）、腎（保鈣排磷＋活化 1,25-二羥維生素 D）、腸（經維生素 D 增加吸收）。記憶口訣「PTH 升、降鈣素降」。臨床連結：副甲狀腺亢進致高血鈣，甲狀腺或副甲狀腺術後可能低血鈣抽搐（Chvostek、Trousseau 徵象）。",[25,27,29,31],{"term":26,"count":12},"副甲狀腺素 PTH",{"term":28,"count":12},"降鈣素",{"term":30,"count":11},"血鈣調節",{"term":32,"count":11},"維生素 D",[34,38,42,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-003","內側蹄系（medial lemniscus）與下列何訊息傳遞有關？",3,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":12},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-019","下列那一種人類細胞中，巴氏體（barr body）的數量會超過一個？",19,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":12},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-013","下列何者腦區受損與順向失憶症（Anterograde Amnesia）最為相關？",13,112,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":37},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-011","在骨骼肌細胞（skeletal muscle cell）收縮過程中，產生力擊（power stroke）後，肌凝蛋白（myosin）會與 ①結合，並造成橫橋（cross-bridge）與肌動蛋白（actin）發生②的反應，下列①、②配對，何者正確？",11,113,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":11},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-015","下列何者是供應下肢養分的最主要血管？",15,115,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":12},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-029","對於直接調控腎臟皮質集尿管（collecting duct）上皮細胞對水的通透性，下列何者能力最強？",29,106,"2026-09-04",1788510732667]