[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-074":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-110-2-內外科護理學-074","nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-074",110,2,74,"承上題，有關王先生診斷可能出現的徵象，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"檢驗血中呈現無或微量酮體","檢驗血漿滲透壓為 280 mOsm\u002Fkg","皮膚與黏膜乾燥、電解質不平衡","血液容積減少而心搏過速、低血壓","B",null,[],"本題考點為HHS的實驗室與臨床徵象判讀。依HHS病生理,嚴重脫水使血漿滲透壓顯著上升,通常大於320 mOsm\u002Fkg,而280 mOsm\u002Fkg屬正常範圍,與HHS高滲透壓特徵矛盾,故敘述錯誤者為B。(A)HHS仍有少量胰島素抑制脂肪分解,故血酮呈無或微量,屬正確。(C)高血糖引發滲透性利尿造成脫水,皮膚黏膜乾燥與電解質不平衡為真。(D)體液大量流失使血液容積減少,代償性心搏過速與低血壓,亦為正確表現。考點在於HHS的核心是「滲透壓高」,因此280 mOsm\u002Fkg這個正常值敘述即為錯誤選項。","血漿滲透壓正常值約275–295 mOsm\u002Fkg,HHS常升至320以上,可用公式估算:有效滲透壓=2×Na⁺ + 血糖\u002F18。血糖650 mg\u002FdL單此一項就使滲透壓明顯上升。對比DKA:酮體強陽性、pH\u003C7.3、Kussmaul呼吸;HHS:酮體陰性或微量、pH正常、滲透壓極高。記憶:HHS「乾到不行、滲透壓爆表、意識最糊」。臨床風險是脫水造成血栓與腎前性腎衰竭。可連結:等張食鹽水補液順序、鈉校正值、意識評估。",[24,26,29,31,33],{"term":25,"count":10},"電解質不平衡",{"term":27,"count":28},"血漿滲透壓正常值",1,{"term":30,"count":28},"HHS徵象",{"term":32,"count":28},"血酮體",{"term":34,"count":28},"脫水與低血容積",[36,40,45,50,55,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-075","有關糖尿病視網膜病變的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",75,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":10},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-011","有關肝癌的敘述，下列何者正確？",11,111,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":28},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-025","有關心包填塞（cardiac tamponade）的徵象，下列何者錯誤？",25,112,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":28},"nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-013","有關下背痛病人使用骨盆牽引治療之敘述，下列何者正確？",13,113,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":10},"nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-017","有關心臟復健之敘述，下列何者正確？①依基礎代謝率（BMR）選擇活動內容 ②依代謝當量（MET）選擇活動內容 ③為增加心肺耐力，鼓勵做有氧運動 ④為加強肌肉力量，鼓勵等長運動",17,114,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":43,"year":63,"session":28},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-011","有關預防傾倒症候群之護理指導，下列何者正確？ ①採取少量多餐 ②採高脂肪、高蛋白、低醣飲食 ③用餐時可多進食液體食物 ④用餐時可採半坐臥姿勢，進食後則躺下休息",106,"2026-09-04",1788510729496]